백화산 지역 고도별 식물 다양성 분포 패턴 및 제어인자
Elevational Patterns and Determinants of Plant Diversity on the Mt. Baekhwa, South Korea
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초록
본 연구는 백화산 지역의 고도별 식물 종풍부도 패턴 및 서식지 인자인 면적, 경사도와 기후 인자인연평균 기온 및 강수량이 고도별 식물 종풍부도 패턴에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 식생조사 결과, 목본 식물 66종, 초본 식물 88종, 총 154종의 식물종이 관찰되었다. 고도에 따라 전체 식물종 및 목본 식물종의 풍부도는 감소하는 패턴을 나타낸 반면, 초본 식물종의 풍부도는 특정 패턴을 나타내지 않았다. 또한, 이러한 분포 패턴을 제어하는 인자로서 단순회귀 분석 및 편회귀 분석을 통한 변이분할 결과, 서식지 인자인 면적과 기후 인자인 연평균 기온 및 강수량이 목본 식물 종풍부도를 예측하는 가장 중요한 인자로 나타났으며, 서식지 인자인 경사도가 초본 식물 종풍부도를 제어하는 중요한인자로 나타났다. 또한, 전체 식물종의 풍부도를 예측하는데 있어서 서식지 인자인 면적과 경사도가 중요한 인자로 나타났다. 본 연구는 소규모 개별 산림에 자생하는 식물이라고 하는 동일한 분류군 내에서도 식물 그룹에 따라 고도별 분포 패턴 및 제어인자가 상이하다는 것을 제시하며, 백화산 지역의 식물다양성을 제어하는 인자가 단순히 하나가 아닌 몇 가지 인자에 의한 복합작용에 의해 나타나는 현상임을 의미한다.
Abstract
In this study, we studied the elevational patterns of plant species richness and examined theeffects of habitat variables such as area and slope and climatic variables such as mean annualtemperate and precipitation on the observed richness patterns along an elevational gradient onthe Mt. Baekhwa, South Korea. A total of 154 plant species including 66 woody and 88herbaceous species were recorded from field survey. The total and woody species richness alongthe elevational gradient showed significant monotonic decline patterns, whereas the herbaceousspecies richness did not showed a specific elevational pattern. Based on simple ordinary leastsquares regression and variance partitioning with partial regression, the area, mean annualtemperature and precipitation were the most powerful explanatory variables for woody plantrichness and slope was the most important variable for herbaceous plant richness. Finally, thearea and slope were the important variables to predict total plant richness. This study suggeststhat different elevational patterns may be observed between different plant groups even in thesame taxon and that a combined interaction of some factors influences plant richness patternalong the elevational gradient on the Mt. Baekhwa, South Korea.
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