백두대간 마루금 일대의 고도별 α 및 β 식물 다양성분포 패턴 및 제어인자
Elevational Patterns and Determinants of α and β Plant Diversity on the Ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea
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초록
본 연구는 남한지역 백두대간 마루금 일대의 고도별 식물 다양성 분포 패턴 및 기후인자, 면적, 기하학적 억제인자, 순일차 생산량이 고도별 식물 다양성 분포 패턴에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 백두대간 마루금 일대를 따라 위치한 1,100개의 조사구에 대한 식생조사 결과, 총 97과 342속 802종의 식물종이 관찰되었으며, 고도에 따른 식물종의 α 다양성을 나타내는 종풍부도와 Shannon-Wiener지수는 단봉형 패턴을 나타내는 반면, β 다양성을 나타내는 Jaccard와 Chao-Jaccard 유사도 지수는고도에 따라 일반적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 또한, 이러한 분포 패턴을 제어하는 인자로서 기하학적 억제인자가 α 다양성을 설명하는 가장 중요한 인자로 나타났으며, β 다양성은 기후인자가 가장높은 설명력을 가지는 인자로 나타났다. 본 연구는 동일한 분류군 내에서도 다양성 측정방법에 따라 상이한 고도별 분포 패턴 및 제어인자를 가진다는 것을 제시하며, 백두대간 마루금 일대의 식물 다양성을제어하는 인자가 단순히 하나가 아닌 몇 가지 인자의 복합작용에 의해 나타나는 현상임을 의미한다.
Abstract
In this study, we studied the elevational patterns of plant diversity and examined the effectsof climatic factors, area, geometric constraints or mid-domain effect and net primary productivityon the observed diversity patterns along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea. Plant data were colleted from 1,100 plots along a elevational gradient on the ridge of theBaekdudaegan Mountains. A total of 802 plant species from 97 families and 342 genera wererecorded. The elevational patterns of α plant diversity such as species richness andShannon-Wiener index along the ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains depicted distinctlyunimodal patterns, whereas the β diversity increased with elevation. The mid-domain effect wasthe most powerful explanatory variables for α diversity. However, climatic factors were betterpredictors for β diversity. This study suggests that different elevational patterns may beobserved between different diversity measurements even in the same taxon and that a combined interaction of some factors influences species diversity patterns along the elevational gradient onthe ridge of the Baekdudaegan Mountains, South Korea.
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