낫또용 Penta Null 유전자형을 가진 소립 노란콩 계통 육종
Breeding of Yellow Soybean Line with Small Seed Size and Penta Null Genotype for Natto
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낫또(natto)는 일본의 전통 콩 발효식품으로 혈전용해, 면역증강, 항고혈압, 항비만, 항균, 항산화, 항당뇨등의 다양한 효과를 가지고 있어 소비가점차 증가하고 있다. 그러나, 낫또용으로 이용되는 콩 품종의 성숙 종실에는 소화 불량, 알러지 유발 및 가공 적성을 저하시키는 P34, lectin, KunitzTrypsin Inhibitor (KTI), 7S α′subunit 및 lipoxygenase 단백질과 같은 항영양성분도 포함되어져 있다. 따라서, 본 연구는 이러한 성분에 대하여penta null 유전자형(p34leticgy1lox1lox2lox3)을 가지면서 종자 크기가 중소립이고 노란색 종피와 제색이 노란 또는 옅은 갈색을 가진 낫또용콩 계통을 육성하기 위하여 진행되었다. 64 및 22C1 모본과의 교배를 통하여 제색이 노란 및 옅은 갈색이면서 종자 크기가 소립인 81개의 F2종자가 선발되었고 그 중에서, P34 단백질 함량이 매우 낮은 18개의 F2 종자가 선발되었다. 18개의 F2 종자로부터 초형, 성숙기, 종피색, 제색및 백립중이 양호한 2개의 F2 개체(BL1 및 BL2)가 최종 선발되었다. BL1 선발 개체의 성숙기는 중간이었고 종피색은 노란색이며 제색은 연한갈색을 보였고 백립중은 12.4g으로 소립이었다. BL2 선발 개체는 성숙기가 조생이었고 종피색과 제색은 모두 노란색은 보였으며 백립중은 12.6g으로소립이었다. 선발된 두 개체는 모두 대표적인 항영양성분인 P34, lectin, KTI, 7S α′subunit 및 lipoxygenase 단백질에 대하여 모두 열성인 pentanull 유전자형(p34leticgy1lox1lox2lox3)을 가진 것으로 확인되었다. 선발 개체는 낫또용 콩 품종으로 육성될 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.
Abstract
Natto is a traditional Japanese soybean fermented food, and its consumption is gradually increasing due to its various health benefits. However, the mature seeds of the cultivars used for natto also contain anti-nutritional components such as P34, lectin, Kunitz TrypsinInhibitor (KTI), 7S α′subunit and lipoxygenase proteins that cause indigestion, allergenicity and decreased processing aptitude. Therefore,this study was conducted to breed yellow soybean lines with penta null genotype (p34leticgy1lox1lox2lox3) for these components, smallseed size and yellow or pale brown hilum color. Through crosses with the 64 and 22C1 parents, 81 F2 seeds with small seed sizeand yellow and pale brown hilum color were selected, and 18 F2 seeds with very low P34 protein content were selected. From the18 F2 seeds, two F2 plants (BL1 and BL2) with good agronomic traits were finally selected. The BL1 selection line had medium maturity,yellow seed coat color, pale brown hilum color, and 12.4 g in 100 seed weight. The BL2 selection line was early in maturity andhad yellow seed coat and hilum color. 100 seed weight was 12.6 g. The BL1 and BL2 lines selected were confirmed to carry thepenta null genotype (p34leticgy1lox1lox2lox3) for P34, lectin, KTI, 7S α′subunit, and lipoxygenase proteins. The selection lines couldbe developed into a new soybean cultivar for natto.
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