메쉬까 예술품에 나타난 미학
The aesthetics of the mexica art
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메쉬까의 다양한 예술품에 나타난 특징과 그 미학을 연구하는 데에 본 논문의 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 현재까지 남아 있는 건축물과 석조 유물을 비롯해, 2차 아우디엔씨아 시기(1531-1535)부터 잠시 제작된 고문서 그림을 연대기와 고문서의 기록과 비교했다. 무엇보다도 기존 연구의 주류를 형성했던 신화·종교적인 시각에서 상당 부분 벗어나 역사·정치적인 측면에서 재조명했다. 메쉬까 예술품은, 아스까뽀쌀꼬 연합체와의 전쟁(1428년)을 승리로 이끈 신흥 정치세력의 이데올로기와 맞물려 발전했다. 이주 집단의 후손이었던 신흥 정치세력은, 신화와 역사 왜곡을 통해 신화·정치적 정통성을 새롭게 정립했고 왕권 강화를 위해 많은 노력을 기울였다. 이런 흔적은 대신전을 비롯해 다양한 석조 유물과 고문서 그림에서 확인할 수 있다. 특히 제5태양신화와 메쉬까의 우주관은, 많은 예술품이 창조되는 내적 원리로 작동하며 떼노츠띠뜰란의 신화·종교·정치 이데올로기로 자리 잡았다. 그리고 메쉬까의 예술품은 이런 내적 가치의 재현과 환기에 충실하며, 그 특성을 함축해 내는 형태와 방식으로 발전했다.
Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to study characteristics and aesthetics of various art works of mexica. In order to achieve this purpose, ancient documents and drawings temporarily produced from the second Audiencia era(1531-1535), as well as architectures and stone construction relics, have been compared with records of ancient documents and chronicle. Most of all, historical and political point of views have been highlighted more than the mythological and religious perspectives, which has been the mainstream of existing researches. Art works of mexica has been developed along with strategy of the new political power, which led the victory in the war with the alliance of Azcapotzalco(1428). The new political power, which was a descendant of an immigrant group, newly established mythological and religious legitimacies through distorting mythology and history. They also put a lot of efforts on strengthening royal authority. The traces of such acts can be found with various stone construction relics, including Templo Mayor, and ancient documents and drawings. Moreover, mexica’s vision of universe, including the fifth solar myth, worked as inner principle for various art works to be created, and was established as an ideology for mythology, religion, and politics. Mexica’s art works were faithfully reproduced and aroused of such inner value, and were developed in forms and methods of implying such characteristics.
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