주절에 대한 연체절의 시간적 의미에 따른 한일어 대응 관계 연구

Abstract

When constructing sentences, a subject and predicate are essential. While a simple sentence consists of only one element, a complex sentence combines two or more elements. This paper focuses on the adnominal clauses, where one sentence becomes a component of another sentence. In adnominal clauses, the predicates of two or more sentences are interrelated due to the nature of complex sentences, and the temporal relationship between these predicates forms tense and aspect. These tenses and aspects also affect the correspondence between Korean and Japanese, so this paper aims to clarify the relationship between the adnominal clause and the main clause's temporal relations in order to establish the Korean-Japanese correspondence. Examples of adnominal clauses were extracted from modern Japanese novels to examine how the temporal relationship between the adnominal clause and the main clause affects Korean-Japanese correspondence, and to determine which verbs are connected to them. As a result, when the adnominal clause is in the 「ル」 form, if the events in the adnominal clause and the main clause occur simultaneously (same scene), it implies <simultaneity> as a relative present tense and corresponds to 「는」 or 「던」 in Korean. Here, 「는」 connects to various verbs, while 「던」 primarily connects to existential verbs. When there is a time gap between the two events (different scene), it implies <subsequent> as a relative future tense and corresponds to 「을/ㄹ」 or 「는」 in Korean, where 「을/ㄹ」 connects to various verbs and 「는」 primarily connects to subject-change verbs. When the adnominal clause is in the 「タ」 form, in the case of a different scene with a relative past tense, it implies <preceding> and corresponds to 「은/ㄴ」 or 「던」 in Korean, where 「은/ㄴ」 connects to various verbs and 「던」 connects to subject-action verbs or internal stative verbs. In the case of the same scene with a relative present tense, it implies <simultaneity> and corresponds to 「은/ㄴ」 or 「던」 in Korean, where 「은/ㄴ」 primarily connects to subject-change verbs, and 「던」 connects to existential verbs. When the adnominal clause is in the 「テイル」 form, it corresponds to the same scene with a relative present tense, implying <simultaneity> and corresponds to 「는」, 「은/ㄴ」, 「던」, 「고 있는」, or 「아/어 있는」 in Korean. Here, 「는」 connects to subject-action verbs or internal stative verbs, 「은/ㄴ」 connects to subject-change verbs, 「던」 connects to subject-action verbs, 「고 있는」 connects to various verbs, and 「아/어 있는」 primarily connects to subject-change verbs. When the adnominal clause is in the 「テイタ」 form, it always corresponds to 「던」 in Korean. In the case of different scenes, it implies <preceding>, while in the same scene, it implies <preceding interruption>. While <preceding> and <preceding interruption> represent relative past tense, <simultaneity> represents relative present tense. <preceding> connects to various verbs, <preceding interruption> connects to subject-action verbs, <simultaneity> primarily connects to subject-change verbs or internal stative verbs.