보육교사의 개인 및 직무 변인에 따른 근골격계 질환과 건강관리에 대한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in awareness of musculoskeletal disorders according to personal and job variables of childcare teachers, and the differences in actual conditions and awareness for prevention and management of musculoskeletal disorders. In this study, the childcare teacher's age, education, marital status, childcare experience, and housework hours were set as personal variables, and the type of childcare center established, age of the class in charge, working hours, and presence of assistant staff were set as job variables. For the study, 223 childcare teachers working in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do were surveyed to determine the presence or absence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, level of perceived symptoms, level of interest and effort in preventing and managing musculoskeletal disorders, and need for education. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, F-test, and χ2-test using SPSS 23.0. The results of this study are summarized and presented as follows. First, it was found that there were differences in the level of awareness of musculoskeletal disorder and pain related to the work of childcare teachers depending on age, marital status, childcare experience, type of childcare center establishment, age of class in charge, and working hours. Second, the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the neck area differed depending on childcare experience, and the perception of musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder area differed depending on the age and childcare experience of the childcare teacher. And although the number of symptomatic patients according to NIOSH standards was 78.9%, there was no difference in whether or not the diagnosis was made depending on the teacher's personal and job variables. Third, there were differences in the status and awareness of childcare teachers' prevention and management of musculoskeletal disorders depending on age, marital status, childcare experience, housework hours, and type of childcare center establishment. Through these research results, it was confirmed that the factors affecting the musculoskeletal health of childcare teachers are not only personal factors but also environmental factors, and implications were obtained that policies, systems, and educational support for teachers' health promotion should be implemented at a more macro level. This will be used as basic data for the development of musculoskeletal disease prevention and health promotion programs for childcare teachers in the future.