경쟁법 사건절차상 경제전문가 증언의 활용에 관한 연구
A Study on the Use of Economic Expert Witness Testimony in Competition Law Proceedings
2
조회
0
다운로드
14
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
최근 경쟁당국인 공정거래위원회의 사건처리절차 또는 독점규제 및 공정거래에 관한 법률의 위반행위를 근거로 한 손해배상청구 소송절차에서 심사관이나 피심인 또는 소송당사자가 자신의 주장을 뒷받침하기 위하여 경제전문가를 참고인이나 증인으로 활용하거나 이들이 작성한 경제분석의 결과를 증거로 제출하는 사례가 급격하게 증가하고 있고, 법원 역시 감정인이나 최근 도입된 전문심리위원제도를 통하여 경제전문가를 활용하는 사례가 점차 증가하고 있다. 우리나라 경쟁법 집행상 나타난 가장 중요한 현상 중 하나는 공정거래법 사건절차상 다양한 쟁점에 관한 경제전문가 증언의 활용도가 증가하고 있다는 점이고 이러한 현상은 향후 더욱 가속화될 것으로 보인다. 이는 경쟁법 집행의 선진화와 소비자후생의 증진이라는 경쟁법의 궁극적 목적을 달성하기 위해 매우 바람직한 현상이다. 다만 경제전문가 증언의 활용이 이러한 취지를 달성하기 위해서는 그 전제로서 질과 윤리성을 높은 수준으로 유지해야 한다. 경제전문가 증언의 질과 윤리성을 유지하지 못한다면 경쟁법 사건을 처리하는 법관이나 경쟁당국의 신뢰를 잃게 되고, 결국 경쟁법 사건절차상 경제전문가 증언의 활용이 후퇴하는 결과를 초래할 것이다.
Abstract
The role of economic expert witness testimony in competition law proceedings has been rapidly increasing, both globally and domestically. This trend comes with an increase in private litigations for damages on the basis of violations of competition laws in particular. The economic expert witness testimony may play a significant role in establishing almost every element of competition law violations as well as proving causation and amount of damages in private competition law litigations. This may greatly contribute to the improvement of competition law enforcement by means of so-called the 'effects-based approach'. However, concerns regarding the quality and integrity of economic expert witness testimony have been raised. Some economic expert witness testimony produced at court proceedings or administrative proceedings of the Fair Trade Commission('FTC') is confusing and cannot help judges and the commissioners who lack expertise in econometrics. In addition, a few experts even show tendency to abandon objectivity and become advocates for the party who hired them. These negative sides of increasing use of economic expert witness testimony in competition law proceedings may undermine the effectiveness and conformity of competition law enforcement with the modern competition policy goals-'protection of efficiency and consumer welfare'. The current provisions in the Korea Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act and relevant decrees and notices cannot provide sufficient protection against those problems. Also, court practices and law enforcement practices at the FTC in competition law proceedings show lack of clear recognition of those issues. One the other hand, the United States has well-developed evidence law on expert witness testimony and procedural measures for screening out irrelevant or unreliable expert witness testimony. In addition, a series of court decisions including the Supreme Court's Daubert judgement may provide useful guidance for evaluating expert testimony. Some suggestions may be made for maintaining quality and integrity of economic expert witness testimony in competition law proceedings, both administrative and judiciary. Introduction of gate-keeping function on economic expert witness testimony and protective procedural measures against irrelevant or unreliable testimony is suggested. More use of the neutral economic experts payed by the public fund is also desirable. Building and strengthening economic analysis capacity of the FTC is one of policy priorities as well.
참고문헌 (34)
- 대법원 사법정책실, "전문심리위원제도 해설", ~ (2007)
- 이시윤, "신민사소송법(제4판)" (2008), 박영사
- 김홍엽, "민사증거법상 증거허용성 개념의 도입과 그 문제점", 법조, 46(9)통권 : 492호 (1997)
- 노상섭, "공정거래 경제분석의 발전방향", 경쟁저널, (146) (2009)
- 문형배, "전문심리위원제도의 개선 및 활성화 방안", 전문심리위원제도 활 성화를 위한 워크숍 자료 (2008), 법원행정처
- 박상인, "시장지배적 지위 남용행위에 관한 경제분석의 쟁점들", 경쟁저널, (140) (2008)
- 이기종, "공정거래법상 손해배상청구소송에 있어서의 경제분석에 관한 연구", 상사법연구, 25(3), pp.293~325 (2006), 한국상사법학회
- 시장지배적지위남용: 경제적 접근방법의 효용 및 한계, "이봉의", 한국공정거래조정원, ~, pp.2008년법·경제분석그룹(LEG) 연구보고서 (2008)
- 이 황, "규제산업에서의 공동행위에 관한 몇 가지 논점: 대법원 2006. 11.23. 선고 2004두8323 판결을 중심으로", 제150차 대법원 특별소송실무연구회 발표자료 (2007)
- 주진열, "Daubert 사건과 독점규제소송상 경제적 증거평가에 대한 소고", 경쟁저널, (128) (2006)
- 주진열, "공정거래소송에 있어서 경제적 증거 평가에 대한 일고찰", 경쟁법연구, 19, pp.159~192 (2009), 한국경쟁법학회
- 허 선, "공정거래사건에서의 경제분석의 증거력을 논의해보자", 경쟁저널, (132) (2007)
- ABA Antitrust Section, "Antitrust Evidence Handbook", ~ (2002)
- ABA Antitrust Section, "Antitrust Law Developments 6th ed", ~ (2007)
- ABA Antitrust Section, "Econometrics: Legal, Practical and Technical Issues", ~ (2005)
- ABA Antitrust Section, "Final Report of Economic Evidence Task Force", ~ (2006)
- Blanco, "EC Competition Procedure 2d ed" (2006), Oxford University Press
- Hovenkamp, "The Antitrust Enterprise: Principle and Execution" (2005), Harvard University Press
- Hovenkamp, "Federal Antitrust Policy: The Law of Competition and its Practice 3d ed" (2005), Thomson & West
- Khan, "EC Antitrust Procedure 5th ed" (2005), Sweet & Maxwell
- OECD, "Presenting Complex Economic Theories to Judges, Policy Roundtables", DAF, 2008[DOI]
- Sullivan, "The Law of Antitrust: An Integrated Handbook 2d ed" (2006), Thomson & West
- Friederiszick, "Economic Analysis in EU Competition Cases, Economic Theory and Competition Law" (2009), Edward Elgar Publishing
- Gavil, "After Daubert: Discerning the Increasingly Fine Line Between the Admissibility and Sufficiency of Expert testimony in Antitrust Litigation", Antitrust L.J, 65, pp.663~ (1997)
- Gavil, "Defining Reliable Forensic Economics in the Post-Daubert", Kumho Tire Era: Case Studies from Antitrust, 2000, pp.57, 831~
- Hughes, "Challenging Expert Witness Testimony in Antitrust Cases: Lessons From Rulings Applying Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmeceuticals, Inc", ~ (2008), SN061 ALI-ABA 223
- Kaplan, "Experts in the Courthouse: Problems and Opportunities (Remarks at the Milton Handler Antitrust Review, Nov. 29, 2005)", Colum. Bus. L. Rev, 2006, pp.247~248 (2006)
- Krafka, "Judge and Attorney Experiences, Practices, and Concerns Regarding Expert Testimony in Federal Civil Trials", Federal Judicial Center, ~ (2002)
- Krauss, "Judges & Economics, How Can Non-specialized Judges Deal With Antitrust Economics?", presented at ICN Conference in Moscow (2007)
- Neven, "Competition Economics in Europe, 2007 Handbook of Competition Economics", ~ (2007)
- Pera, "Changing Views of Competition, Economic Analysis and EC Antitrust Law", European Competition Journal, 4(1) (2008)
- Salinger, "The 2006 Handbook of Competition Economics", Global Competition Review, ~ (2006)
- Sulman, "The Sedona Conference Commentary on the Role of Economics in Antitrust", Sedona Conf. J, 23 (2005)
- Yee Wah Chin, "Use of Economic Expert Witnesses in Antitrust Litigation", ~ (1998), 1088 PLI[DOI]