고구려 문자명왕릉 연구

Abstract

Most royal tombs of Goguryeo are thought to have been constructed in Jian and Pyongyang, but there are few archaeological materials or historical records which can determine tombs for certain Goguryeo kings. Therefore, size, external appearances, location and association relics are the criteria for determining the tombs of Goguryeo. This study is to reveal the tomb of King Munjamyeong(492~519) by examining Goguryeo’s stone chamber mound tombs with stylobate. The study of the tomb of King Munjamyeong is important because it provides an evidence to reveal a series of changes in the structure of royal tombs after moving Goguryeo’s capital from Jian to Pyongyang. The reason why the stone chamber mound tombs with stylobate are pointed out as a candidate for the tomb of King Munjamyeong is because it is highly possible that the burial traditions of Jian remained until the time of King Munjamyeong who succeeded King Jangsu who moved the cpital to Pyonyang. The characteristics of the combitnation of stone-filed tombs in Jian and stone chamber mound tombs in Pyongyang are all found in the stone chamber mound tombs with stylobate. Tombs reported as Goguryeo’s stone chamber mound tomb so far are Wusan No.2115, Gyoungshinri Tomb No.1, Honamri Tomb with four directional animals, the Great Tomb of Topori, Tomb of King Dongmyeong. Based on the analysis of the size and structure of these tobms, it is possible to determine Tomb of King Dongmyeong as Tomb of King Munjamyeong, which continues the tradition of Janggunchong and Gyoungshinri Tomb No.1. On the other hand, the Great Tomb of Topori, Honamri Tomb with four directional animals, Wusan tomb No.2115 are believed to be tombs that were build in middle of 6th century following Tomb of King Dongmyeong. It is assumed that these stone chamber mound tombs with stylobate of Goguryeo were built in late 5th century to the mid 6th century when the time after the moving of the capital from Jian to Pyongyang. Meanwhile, Jeongneung Temple, located about 150 meters south of the Tomb of King Dongmyeong, is believed to have been in a ‘tomb-temple’ relation with Tomb of King Dongmyeong which is determined to Tomb of King Munjamyeong. According to the relics, it is thought to be after the first quarter of the 6th century that Jeongneung Temple was built and it proves that Tomb of King Dongmyeong is Tomb of King Munjamyeong.