新羅 上古期 軍制의 성립과 개편

Abstract

The Silla was founded in the course of collapsing system of Li(禮) in the Jinhan alliance. In other words, while the solidarity of the Jinhan alliance was broken down as the productivity increased, Silla regime was established. The establishment of Silla included 6 counties around Jinhan area in a alliance form. Therefore, the military system during this period was operated as the Military System of 6 Bu consisting of the residents from the 6 counties. As Silla conquered the countries of the Jinhan alliance, the military power increased. In the early time, the Military System of 6 Bu consisted of approximately 1,000 soldiers and the military power increased as the war of conquest actively proceeded. During Isageum Adala Period, nearly 28,000 soldiers were called out for the war. This increase in military power is estimated to be due to the soldiers called out from the conquered countries. Thus, the military formation was divided into inner soldiers and outer soldiers. The inner soldiers are the central army force referring to the soldiers in 6 Bu and the outer soldiers are the army from the conquered countries (later belonged to Gun) referring to the local army force. The military formation during Maripgan was operated as 2 Bu system. The period when the early 6 Bu military system was remodified into 2 Bu system is estimated to be the Maripgan Nulgi Period. Maripgan Nulgi became the king after killing Isageum Silseong dignified by the soldiers of 6 Bu. After Maripgan Nulgi became the king, it seems he disorganized 6 Bu military system and remodified it into 2 Bu system. After this, Maripgan Nulgi established a dualistic military system in which the soldiers of Hewpu(喙部) are commanded by Maripgan and the soldiers of Sahwepu(沙喙部) by King Galmun. Although the 2 Bu system in Maripgan Period lent the exclusive monopolization of military power to the royal family Kim, it might induce the conflict among the royal family Kim. Thus, the 2 Bu military system was remodified into a unitary commander system in Junggo Period.