백마고지 전투 간 국군 제9사단의 화력운용 고찰 - 포병운용을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The study attempts to research the Fire employment of the Battle of White Horse Hill, in which the 9th ROK Infantry Division won against the 38th Corps of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army in October 1952. Although many studies have been conducted officially and academically on the battle, however most of them are the study of analyzing the battle centered on maneuvers, whereas the role of firepower had been accepted less interests, in some cases, to extent of the just amount of ammunition that used during the battle. Even the numbers of artillery units participating are different based on studies. In this regard, this study analyzes the strength of firepower mobilized, operational plans, command and control systems, and actual performance of those units, based on primary historical records, like combat situation reports(sitreps) from the 9th ID, special reports from the Ⅸ U.S. Army Corps, reports from the U.S. Military Advisory Group, and testimonies from veterans. According to the study, the 9th ID put more firepower assets into the battle than previously known. even though the 9th ID operated the division-level fire support control center for the first time in the ROK Army, it smoothly commanded and controlled huge amount of firepower assets through flexible measures and pre-preparation. Although there were also negative incidents such as misfires during the battle, they carried out the battle in a variety of ways in the joint operation with the U.S. military. The effectiveness and efficiency of these fire employment was well illustrated by the 9th ID's success to dispel incoming Chinese troops through the front lines by rapid fire employment. In conclusion, by using firepower effectively and efficiently, the 9th ID was able to win the Chinese troops three times more than themselves.