4세기 고구려 南·北道를 통해 본 고구려-전연 戰役 재구성

Abstract

In the 4th century, East Asia entered a great transformation period called the 'Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties Era魏晉南北朝時代'. A large number of groups north of the Great Wall from the north began to move south to the the central Chinese plains[中原], which soon caused long-term chaos in the Huabei area. Xianbei鮮卑, in particular, began to expand its power based on Liaoxi遼西. The former Yan前燕, founded by Murongbu慕容部, increased its national power through competition with the surrounding HouZhao後趙, Goguryeo高句麗, Buyeo夫餘, Yuwenbu宇文部and duanbu 段部, especially with Liaodong遼東in between. Former Yan, who had maintained the two eastern and western military lines all the time, decided to subdue Goguryeo in the east before moving south to the central Chinese plains. Muronghuang慕容 皝, who mobilized a total of 55,000 troops in 342, divided his forces into Goguryeo's South and North routes. Contrary to Goguryeo's expectation that the main force of former Yan would come to North route, which was large and flat, the main force led by Muronghuang marched to the rough and narrow south and occupied Wandoucheng丸 都城, the capital at once. After experiencing a crisis of national survival, Goguryeo had to postpone its plan for its expansion into Liaodong for decades, while former Yan secured the Hebei河北region and rose to become an empire. It is worth recalling that the stark history of the two countries originated from the Goguryeo-Former Yan campaign in 342. Therefore, we will review previous studies that pitifully located the South and North routes, which were the core of the campaign at the time, and reorganize the entire 342 years. Furthermore, we intend to broaden our understanding of the history of the history of the time and prepare a place to look at Goguryeo history within the framework of the chaotic international situation in the 4th century.