소아에서 다중 역전사효소 PCR법, 직접면역형광법, 쉘바이알배양법을 이용한 호흡기 바이러스의 검출
Detection of Respiratory Viruses in Children by Multiplex Reverse Transcriptase PCR, Direct Immunofluorescence Assay, and Shell Vial Culture
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배경: 호흡기 바이러스 감염의 진단에는 직접면역형광법(direct immunofluorescence assay, DFA), 쉘바이알배양법(shell vial culture, SVC) 등이 이용되었다. 최근 12종 호흡기 바이러스를 동시에 검출할 수 있는 다중 역전사효소 PCR (multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR, mRT-PCR)이 도입되어, 이들의 진단적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2007년 5월부터 7월까지 원광의대병원에 내원한 소아 환자에서 의뢰된 비인두흡인액 275검체에서, DFA 검사결과 에 따라 다양한 바이러스와 형광 반응 정도가 포함되도록 122검체를 선택하여 상품화된 킷를 이용하여 mRT-PCR을 실 시하였다. 연구기간 중 검사실 정보시스템을 이용하여 SVC와 DFA가 동시에 의뢰된 85검체에서의 바이러스 검출률을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 결과: 주요 호흡기 바이러스 7종(adenovirus, influenza virus A와 B, parainfluenza virus 1, 2와 3, RSV)에 대한 검출률은, DFA와 mRT-PCR에서 각각 32.0%와 55.7%, DFA와 SVC에서 32.9%와 40.0%였다. Adenovirus는 DFA에서는 12주, mRT-PCR에서는 22주가 검출되었고, DFA와 SVD의 비교에서는 각기 6주와 18주가 검출되었다. RSV는 DFA와 mRTPCR 비교에서 3주와 6주, DFA와 SVC 비교에 각각 13주와 8주가 검출되었다. 결론: 호흡기 바이러스 검출률은 mRT-PCR, SVC, DFA 순이었으며, adenovirus 검출에는 SVC가, RSV는 mRT-PCR과 DFA 가 우수하였다.
Abstract
Background: Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and shell vial culture (SVC) have been used to diagnose respiratory viral infections. Recently a multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR (mRT-PCR) for 12 respiratory viruses has been introduced. We evaluated the diagnostic usefulness of these methods. Methods: Among 275 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) received from pediatric patients during the 3-month period from May through July, 2007, 122 samples were selected so as to include diverse viruses and varying numbers of DFA-positive cells for mRT-PCR. Also, the results of the 85 NPAs that had been analyzed by both DFA and SVC were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Detection rates for the seven major respiratory viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza virus 1, 2, and 3, and adenovirus by DFA vs mRT-PCR were 32.0% and 55.7%, and by DFA vs SVC were 32.9% and 40.0%. A number of adenovirus detected by DFA vs mRT-PCR were 12 and 22, and by DFA vs SVC were 6 and 18. A number of RSV detected were 3 and 6, and 13 and 8, respectively. Conclusion: mRT-PCR detected the respiratory viruses at the highest rate, followed by SVC and DFA in a decreasing order. However, DFA and multiplex PCR were more sensitive than SVC for RSV, while SVC was more sensitive than the other methods for adenovirus.
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