Eye Tracker를 활용한 스포츠 영상 공간정보 탐색 활동에 관한 연구
A Study on the Spatial Exploration of the Spectator Gaze in Sports Scenes Using Eye Tracker
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초록
본 논문에서는 스포츠 관람 중에 발생하는 관객 시선의 움직임을 추적하여 주시 목적의 유무에따른 수렴적 탐색과 확산적 탐색의 시지각 특성을 규명하고자 한다. 피험자에게 2분 동안 농구 경기이미지를 관람하도록 하는데, 관람 시간의 전반부에서는 목적의식을 가지고 바라보는 수렴적 탐색 활동을 수행하고 후반부에서는 목적의식 없이 바라보는 확산적 탐색 활동을 주문하였다. 각 탐색 활동별로 피험자가 블록 단위로 나눠진 영상 내의 특정 영역을 주시하는 시간을 계산함으로써 눈동자에자극이 전달되는 시간(0.1초) 동안에만 주시하는지, 대상을 인지하는 시간(0.3초) 동안 특정 영역에 관심을 가지고 주시하는지에 대한 주시 강도를 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 영상 내 주시 우세 영역을 추출하여 피험자가 어떤 탐색 활동에서 영상 내 어떤 구역, 어떤 요소에 관심을 가지고 살펴보았는지를파악하였다. 실험에서는 스포츠에 관심도가 높은 남학생 34명을 대상으로 Eye Tracker를 활용하여피험자의 눈동자를 추적하였다. 실험 결과 수렴적 탐색 활동에서는 농구공, 시계, 심판, 선수와 같이스포츠의 주요 상황을 파악하려는 주시 특성을 보이고 있으며, 확산적 탐색에서는 관객 등과 같은 스포츠 상황의 핵심을 벗어난 곳을 주시한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
In this paper, we identify the visual perception characteristics of convergent and divergent search depending on the presence or absence of a gaze purpose by tracking the movement of the spectator's gaze that occurs while watching sport image. Participants were asked to watch an image of a basketball game for 2 minutes. In the first half of the viewing time, they performed convergent exploration activities by looking with a sense of purpose, and in the second half, they performed divergent exploration activities by looking without a sense of purpose. For each search activity, the time the subject gazes at a specific area in the image divided into blocks is calculated to determine whether the subject is looking only during the time the stimulus is delivered to the pupil (0.1 seconds) or at a specific area during the time the object is recognized (0.3 seconds). The intensity of gaze was analyzed to determine whether the subject was watching with interest. Based on this, the predominant gaze region within the video was extracted to identify which area and element in the video the subject was interested in and during which search activity. In the experiment, the eyes of 34 male students with high interest in sports were tracked using an eye tracker. As a result of the experiment, it was found that convergent search activities showed the characteristic of looking at key sports situations such as the basketball, clock, referee, and players, while divergent search activities showed looking at areas outside the core of the sports situation.
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