역학의 선후천과 최수운의 ‘다시개벽’ -『주역』과 『정역』의 비교를 중심으로-

Abstract

Choe Suwoon, founder of Donghak (Estern Learning), accepted the term 'Gaebyeok (Opening of a New Beginning)' proposed by a Chinese philosopher Shao Yung (So gang-jeol) according to the theory of the cycle of the heaven and earth. However, he often used a new term Dasi-gaebyeok (Reopening of a New Beginning). The reason why he added 'Dasi (re-)' on the term 'Gaebyeok (Opening of a New Beginning)' is because he specially focused on the new beginning of human beings unlike the theory of the pre-heaven (Seoncheon) and post-heaven (Hucheon) trade. His idea is that the universe should be completed through the unification between the earth and men following the opening of a new beginning of the heaven. The reason why he used this new term was because he intended to emphasize the role of human beings as the subjects of new beginning out of the heaven, earth and men and help the work of Hanalim. Like the Jeongyeok (Correction of Yijing) proposed by Kim Il-bu, it is the reopening of a new beginning according to Chukmi. Today is the timing of the replacement between pre-heaven and post-heaven and Yin and Yang as the fate of wood returns. As the energy of the growth of Yang is being replaced with the dressing of Yin, it is inevitable that men need to receive the moral responsibility to comply with the changes of the universe. In particular, self-comprehension is particularly required to construct the new beautiful world where the heaven and men are unified and to open the actual peace and happiness. The reason how men can realize this is because they can experience the heaven through the change of the universe, return of the fate of Wood, and return to the heaven's way. Through the experience of universal experience where the heaven, earth and men communicate, men will walk the way of Dasi-gaebyeok and achieve actual meaning of national prosperity and the welfare of the people. Finally, the author of this study proposes trichotomy 'Pre-heaven, Mid-heaven and Post-heaven' instead of dichotomy to understand the three phases of the opening of a new beginning. The purpose of this proposal is to emphasize men's practice and discipline.