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서울외환시장의 미시적 특징과 변동성 전이 효과 분석: 고빈도 자료를 중심으로

High Frequency analysis in Seoul Foreign Exchange Markets and Volatility Spillover

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초록

본 연구에서는 분단위의 고빈도 자료를 이용하여 서울외환시장의 미시적 특징을 분석하였다. 분석기간은 2002년부터 2005년까지로, 동 기간 중 개폐장 시간 및 점심시간 거래 허용 등의 제도적 변화가 있었다. 고빈도 원/달러 환율의 특징을 엔/달러 환율과 비교하였으며, 원/달러 환율의 개장시간 변동성 결정 요인을 분석하였다. 분석결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기초통계량 측면에서 기간별로 원/달러 환율의 변화율에 큰 차이가 없었으며 엔/달러 환율과 유사한 특징을 보였다. 둘째, 2002~3년에 원/달러 환율의 자기상관관계가 롱메모리적인 특징을 보이고 있는데 이는 제도적 변화보다는 특정 기간의 이상 현상(anomaly)이 증폭되어 나타난 것으로 분석되었다. 셋째, 꼬리지표(tail index)를 통해 분석한 결과 예상했던 대로 서울외환시장보다는 도쿄외환시장이 규제가 없고 더 정보가 효율적으로 반영되는 시장인 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 원/달러 환율의 경우 개장시간대 변동성이 가장 높았으며, 엔/달러 환율보다는 자기회귀적 요인에 의해 영향을 받는 것으로 분석되었다. 실증분석 결과를 종합해 볼 때 개폐장 시간의 변화나 점심시간 변화가 서울외환시장에 변화를 초래하지 않은 것으로 판단되며, 향후 정보의 투명성 제고 등 제도적 개선이 필요하다고 판단된다.

Abstract

This paper investigates the Seoul foreign exchange market's stylized facts with micro-structure viewpoints. It uses data set that including minute-by-minute data on real transaction price. The sample period is from 2002 to 2005. Empirical results are summarized as follows: First, High Frequency KRW/USD's basic statistical properties are similar to those of JPY/USD. Second, KRW/USD exchange rates during 2002~3 have long memory feature, which is inherited not from institutional change such as laws but from hourly data's anomaly. Third, the tail index indicates that the Seoul foreign exchange market, as expected, is exposed to more regulations or information inefficiency compare with the Tokyo market. Fourth, the Seoul foreign exchange market records highest intra-day volatility in the morning during the sample span.

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