Intellectuals as Rhetors and Rhetoric as Power - A Study on Tasks of Modern Rhetoricians from a Foucauldian Perspective -
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study aims to suggest how contemporary intellectuals should play their roles as rhetors or rhetoricians who can use their own power or the power that rhetoric possesses in itself, focusing on their ethos as an important element of rhetoric. From a Foucauldian perspective, the universal intellectuals have abandoned not only their role in predicting the future but also their role in presenting truth and goodness. Intellectuals became agents of the power only as a tool of power, ironically. However, this paper does not accept Foucault’s final conclusion that universal intellectuals such as writers and rhetoricians are doomed to disappear in our future societies. It concedes that they are increasingly becoming instruments of capitalism but insists that they should play their new role in the future. Modern intellectuals’ rhetoric based on abundant and relevant topoi is still influential and powerful in that they can oppose or resist the dominant discourse by using the power itself created by the very dominant discourse within that dominant discourse. Using the power of ethos, as those who are allowed to speak, modern universal intellectuals can disagree with modern dominant discourse and offer a way for all humankind to advance toward a better future. One of intellectuals’ tasks should be to build more effective rhetoric that makes the audience consider how and by what their rhetoric represents the disempowered.
Abstract
This study aims to suggest how contemporary intellectuals should play their roles as rhetors or rhetoricians who can use their own power or the power that rhetoric possesses in itself, focusing on their ethos as an important element of rhetoric. From a Foucauldian perspective, the universal intellectuals have abandoned not only their role in predicting the future but also their role in presenting truth and goodness. Intellectuals became agents of the power only as a tool of power, ironically. However, this paper does not accept Foucault’s final conclusion that universal intellectuals such as writers and rhetoricians are doomed to disappear in our future societies. It concedes that they are increasingly becoming instruments of capitalism but insists that they should play their new role in the future. Modern intellectuals’ rhetoric based on abundant and relevant topoi is still influential and powerful in that they can oppose or resist the dominant discourse by using the power itself created by the very dominant discourse within that dominant discourse. Using the power of ethos, as those who are allowed to speak, modern universal intellectuals can disagree with modern dominant discourse and offer a way for all humankind to advance toward a better future. One of intellectuals’ tasks should be to build more effective rhetoric that makes the audience consider how and by what their rhetoric represents the disempowered.
참고문헌 (26)
- Aristotle, "Rhetoric" (2004), Dover Publications
- Bernauer, James William, "Michel Foucault’s Force of Flight : Toward an Ethics of Thought" (1990), Humanities Press
- Biesecker, Barbara, "Michel Foucault and the Question of Rhetoric", Philosophy and Rhetoric, 25(4), pp.351~364 (1992)
- Derrida, Jacques, "Of Grammatology" (1974), The Johns Hopkins University Press
- Foss, Sonja K., "Contemporary Perspectives on Rhetoric" (2002), Waveland Press
- Foucault, Michel, "The Archaeology of Knowledge and the Discourse on Language" (1972), Pantheon Boooks
- Foucault, Michel, "Language, Counter-Memory, Practice: Selected Essays and Interviews" (1977), Cornell University Press
- Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1927-1977, "Power", pp.1980, Foucault, Michel
- Foucault, Michel, "The Foucault Reader" (1984), Pantheon
- Foucault, Michel, "The Will to Knowledge: The History of Sexuality 1" (1990), Penguin Books
- Foucault, Michel, "Foucault Live: Collected Interview, 1961-1984" (1996), Semiotext(e)
- Foucault, Michel, "The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Science" (2002), Routledge
- Lawrence Grossberg, "Thinking against the Temptations of Simplicity", Situations: Cultural Studies in the Asian Context, 13(1), pp.97~125 (2020), 연세대학교 영어영문학과 BK21 Plus 사업단[DOI]
- Gutting, Gary, "The Cambridge Companion to Foucault" (1994), Cambridge University Press
- Herrick, James A., "The History and Theory of Rhetoric : An Introduction" (2009), Pearson
- 허경, "미셸 푸코의 ‘헤테로토피아’ - 초기 공간 개념에 대한 비판적 검토", 도시인문학연구, 3(2), pp.233~267 (2011), 도시인문학연구소
- 김종갑, "설득의 수사학에서 저항의 수사학으로 - 외모지상주의를 중심으로 -", 수사학, (23), pp.25~65 (2015), 한국수사학회
- McHoul, Alec, "A Foucault Primer: Discourse, Power and the Subject" (1997), New York University Press
- McKerrow, Raymie E., "Critical Rhetoric : Theory and Praxis", Communication Monographs, 56(2), pp.91~111 (1989)
- Morton, Stephen, "Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak" (2003), Routledge
- Rhee, Suk Koo, "저항과 포섭 사이" (2016), Somyong
- Rybacki, Karyn, "Communication Criticism:Approaches and Genres" (1991), Wadsworth
- Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture", pp.271~313 (1988), Macmillan
- Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "The Post-Colonial Critic: Interviews, Strategies, Dialogues" (1990), Routledge
- Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "Rethinking Power", pp.149~173 (1992), SUNY Press
- Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty, "The Spivak Reader" (1996), Routledge