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‘미완’의 괴물 『리처드 3세』의 문화적 텍스트로서의 저항성

Resistance of ‘Unfinished’ Monster Richard Ⅲ as a Cultural Text

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This paper will examine the way various Renaissance writers describe Richard Ⅲ’s deformity in order to shed light on the difference and originality that Shakespeare’s strategy in describing Richard Ⅲ has. The way in which Richard Ⅲ is cast in Renaissance literature is nothing less than the process of making him a monster by maximizing his deformity and grotesqueness. However, it is not the main purpose of this paper to repeat the fact that Richard is a monster patchworked by numerous historians who were trying to contribute to the creation of Tudor myths. By re-reading the text of Richard Ⅲ in the frame of the Monster Theory that tries to interpret the monstrous character in the literature as the symbol of the duality, the boundary, and the cultural resistance, I will reexamine the subversive energies of Richard Ⅲ as a cultural subject that provide opportunities to expand social norms and boundaries of culture. To support this argument, the Monster Theory and Rene Girard’s scapegoat theory will be quoted as theoretical frameworks.

Abstract

This paper will examine the way various Renaissance writers describe Richard Ⅲ’s deformity in order to shed light on the difference and originality that Shakespeare’s strategy in describing Richard Ⅲ has. The way in which Richard Ⅲ is cast in Renaissance literature is nothing less than the process of making him a monster by maximizing his deformity and grotesqueness. However, it is not the main purpose of this paper to repeat the fact that Richard is a monster patchworked by numerous historians who were trying to contribute to the creation of Tudor myths. By re-reading the text of Richard Ⅲ in the frame of the Monster Theory that tries to interpret the monstrous character in the literature as the symbol of the duality, the boundary, and the cultural resistance, I will reexamine the subversive energies of Richard Ⅲ as a cultural subject that provide opportunities to expand social norms and boundaries of culture. To support this argument, the Monster Theory and Rene Girard’s scapegoat theory will be quoted as theoretical frameworks.

참고문헌 (16)

  1. Cohen, Jeffrey Jerome, "Monster Theory: Reading Culture", pp.3~25 (1996), UP Minnesota
  2. Day, Gillian, "Shakespeare at Stratford: King Richard Ⅲ" (2002), Thomson Learning
  3. Garber, Marjorie, "Shakespeare’s Ghost Writers: Literature as Uncanny Causality", pp.79~103 (1987), Routledge
  4. Garber, Marjorie, "Shakespeare After All" (2005), Anchor
  5. Freud, Sigmund, "The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume XIV. 1914-1916" (1957), The Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-analysis
  6. Girard, Rene, "Violence and the Sacred" (1997), Mineumsa
  7. Hunt, Maurice, "Ordering Disorder in Richard Ⅲ", South Central Review, 6(4), pp.11~29 (1989)
  8. Kim, Mose, "Rene Girard: Anthropology of Desire, Violence, and Salvation" (2009), Kyobo Books
  9. Lull, Janice, "The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare’s History Plays", pp.89~105, Cambridge UP
  10. Rous, John, "History of the Kings of England (Historia Regum Angliae) (1486)", Sheldonian Theatre
  11. Rous, John, "The Rous Roll" (1980), Sutton
  12. Shakespeare, William, "Henry VI, Part 3. (RSC) William Shakespeare: Complete Works", pp.1236~1298 (2007), Macmilllan
  13. Shakespeare, William, "Richard Ⅲ. (RSC) William Shakespeare: Complete Works", pp.1299~1381 (2007), Macmilllan
  14. Szondi, Peter, "Theory of the Modern Drama: a Critical Edition" (1987), Polity
  15. Thomson, Rosemarie Garland, "Extraordinary Bodies: Figuring Physical Disability in American Culture and Literature" (1997), Columbia UP
  16. Vergil, Polydore, "English History (1512-13)" (1844), Camden Society

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