초기 언어 발달에서 환경적 요인들의 역할 - 음소지각, 어휘 습득, 구문 발달을 중심으로 -
Environmental Influences on Early Language Development – Developing Speech Perception, Lexical & Syntactic Abilities -
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참고문헌
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초록
언어 발달은 매우 자동적이고 빠른 과정으로 생득적인 요인들의 역할이 보다 크게 인식되어온 발달의 영역이다. 그러나 최근에는 환경적 요인과 밀접한 어휘 습득 이외에도 음소지각 능력의 발달이나 통사론 발달에서 환경적 요인의 역할이 보다 주목받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내외 관련 최신 연구들을 중심으로 환경적 요인이 다양한 언어 발달의 영역에서 가지고 있는 역할을 고찰하여 보았다. 최근의 연구동향을 살펴보면, 기존에 환경적 속성을 부모가 제공하는 언어적 속성이나 습득 대상의 언어로 상정해왔던 것에 비해 최근에는 사회적인 맥락의 차이, 상호작용적 방식의 차이, 그리고 한 언어 내에서도 세분화된 언어의 양적, 질적 특성과 다양한 음향학적 속성의 차이에 이르기까지 환경적 요인의 범위가 보다 확대되고 세분화되어 연구되고 있음을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 개괄을 통해 언어 발달에서 새롭게 부각되고 있는 다양한 환경적 요소의 역할을 소개하였다.
Abstract
Language development has largely been considered a domain in which inborn capacities play fundamental roles because its development proceeds rapidly and automatically to a large extent. However, in recent years, the various roles that environmental input plays in the development of language have received much interest not only in vocabulary development, but also in speech perception and grammar acquisition. In this paper, we reviewed recent literature demonstrating the various roles of environmental input in the development of language. This review revealed that the more diverse and detailed aspects of environmental input have been considered, including fine-grained acoustic properties of input provided by caregivers, the quantity and quality of the verbal and nonverbal aspects of input, and differences in social interactions and social cues. These diverse aspects of input also play a variety of roles across multiple language development areas, such as the development of speech perception abilities, vocabulary growth, and the ability to produce more complex and sophisticated utterances.
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