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내·외집단으로부터의 배제에 대한 아동의 추론

Children’s reasoning about intragroup and intergroup exclusion

진경선|이서인
한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 (The Korean Society For Developmental Psychology)|2023.12|한국심리학회지: 발달 (THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY)|제36권 제4호|pp. 103-120|DOI https://doi.org/10.35574/KJDP.2023.12.36.4.103

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아동childrensocial exclusion사회적 배제도덕 발달moral development집단 내 배제집단 간 배제intragroup exclusionintergroup exclusion
주제분류심리과학

초록

본 연구는 만 7-12세 아동(N = 120)들이 집단 내 배제와 집단 간 배제에 대하여 어떻게 추론하는지 알아보고자 하였다. 아동들은 가상의 시나리오에서 한 아동이 자신과 같은 집단(집단 내 배제 조건) 혹은 다른 집단(집단 간 배제 조건)의 두 명의 아동과 협력 활동을 한 후, 두 아동으로부터 다음 협력 활동은 함께 하고 싶지 않다고 배제되었다는 이야기를 들었다. 이후, 아동들의 집단 내 배제 혹은 집단 간 배제에 대한 도덕적 평가, 배제의 대상의 협력성에 대한 추론, 그리고 개입 의지가 평가되었다. 연구 결과, 아동들은 연령과 관계없이 집단 내 배제와 집단 간 배제 모두 도덕적으로 나쁘다고 평가하였다. 배제 대상의 협력성에 대한 추론의 경우, 만 10-12세 아동들은 집단 간 배제보다 집단 내 배제의 대상이 이전에 덜 협력하였을 것이라고 추론하였다. 또한, 만 10-12세 아동들은 집단 간 배제보다 집단 내 배제에 덜 개입하고자 하였다. 이러한 결과는 사회적 배제의 관찰자로서 만 10-12세 경부터 아동들은 집단 간 배제에 비해 집단 내 배제 상황에서 배제의 대상을 부정적으로 평가하고, 더 낮은 개입 의지를 보임을 시사한다.

Abstract

This study investigated how children aged 7–12 (N = 120) infer about intra- and inter-group exclusion. Children heard a scenario in which a child was engaged in a cooperative activity with two peers from either their group or a different group, but then was excluded from future cooperation by the peers. Children's moral evaluations of the exclusion, inferences about the cooperation of the excluded child, and willingness to intervene were assessed. The findings revealed that children, regardless of age, evaluated both exclusions as morally wrong. Children aged 10–12 inferred that the target of intragroup exclusion would be less cooperative than intergroup and were less willing to help in intragroup than intergroup exclusion. These results suggest that children as young as 10–12 years old negatively assess the target of intragroup exclusion and exhibit a lower willingness to intervene compared to intergroup exclusion.

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