대상관계 이론과 유식학에 나타난 주체와 객체에 대한 고찰 - 분리·개별화와 유식 30송을 중심으로 -

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to compare between Yogācāra Buddhism and object relations theory on concepts related to the subject and object, and to clarify how Yogācāra Buddhism and object relations theory are similar or different in viewing human existence. The concepts of self, object, representation, and developmental theory of object relations are examined in the area of object relations theory. In Yogācāra Buddhism, we examine no-self, the theory of three natures, and the four wisdoms. The results are as follows. First, Yogācāra Buddhism and object relations theory share commonalities in that human beings perceive representations of subject and object. They differ in accepting whether the subject and object have unique and eternal natures or not. Second, according to object relations theory, mental health depends on objective and comprehensive perception. But Yogācāra Buddhism mentions that human beings suffer from the way of perceiving, i.e. from subject-object discrimination. Third, the fundamental purpose of object relations theory is to acquire individuality and object constancy, and that of Yogācāra Buddhism is to realize wisdom. The significance of this study is to show a partial answer for the inevitable questions about human existence in integrating western counseling theories and eastern wisdom by comparing the monism of Yogācāra Buddhism and the dualism of object relations theory.