현대시조의 퇴고 방법 연구

Abstract

Sijo is Korea's native verse of fixed form which dates back to the Koryo period and, since then, has been brought to life till today. Especially, few or no studies have been made on the final stage of sijo creation, that is, elaboration. Thus, it is essential and critical in modern sijo to organize how to elaborate it. The purpose of this study is to propose some typical methods of modern sijo elaboration, better guiding the creation of modern sijo. This researcher hopes the study helps not only preserve the long tradition of sijo, but also set fundamentals for the popularization of that genre. This study takes some works of famous ancient and modern sijo as good examples of elaboration. Sijo works to be elaborated in this study are those created by students attending at the literary creation department of Dong-A university. This study proposes five main methods to elaborate modern sijo in the following. First, it is to increase or decrease the number of syllables if that number doesn't meet the fixed requirements of sijo form. According to those requirements, the first foot in the final verse of sijo should have 3 or more syllables and the second foot, 5 or more syllables. In case that a foot is difficult to be recognized as what it is because it has too many or too few syllables, those syllables should be reduced appropriately. Second, it is to create a poetic effect by changing order. In other words, it means interchanging between different feet, different phrases and between different chapters in order to effectively present the theme, sentiment and climate of sijo. Third, it is to make finer poetic words for effective literary representation. It may involve adding poetic words necessary for a poetic accomplishment, deleting unnecessary poetic words, changing or omitting postpositions, utilizing figures of speech and creating and expressing images in sensible manners. Fourth, it is to rearrange lines in order to extend the poetic significance of sijo and strengthen its modernity. Accordingly, the single three-line system frequently found in sijo should be changed to plural systems of different line numbers occasionally. In case that two many lines constitute sijo, they should be combined to be reduced. And fifth, it is to modify the title of sijo in accordance with its theme and the intent of its writer. It may include replacing Chinese characters or foreign words contained in the title with native Korean expressions, modifying abstract titles into concrete ones and changing ambiguous titles to definite ones. These methods of modern sijo elaboration actually provided some accomplishments in the students' sijo creation. First, students could accurately understand the proper form of sijo. Second, students completed their sijo works well enough to meet fixed requirements of sijo. And third, some of sijo works that the students created have been awarded for their excellence at many different literary contests.