재일동포기업이 남북한 경제정책과 모국투자에 미친 영향: 1960년~1980년대 경제성장 시기를 중심으로

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to rexamine the contributions and social contributions of Koreans in Japan to the economic development of their home country in the early 1960s, and to clarify their activities and roles. The research method is based on the basic data from the 1960s to the early 1980s on the investment and social contribution of Koreans in Japan on the investment and social contribution of Koreans in Japan in the early 1960s. It was found that there were many similarities and diferences in the aspect that the two Koreas used the technology and capital of first generation Korean-Japanese entrepreneurs when promoting economic development policies in the early 1960s. The results of this study are as folows. First, in the early 1960s, at the stage of economic development planning, South Korea began to introduce capital and technology of first generation Korean-Japanese entrepreneurs in earnest, and North Korea actively requested investment in North Korea from Koreans in Japan after the 1980s. Second, the economic policy of North and South Korea to introduce capital and technology of Koreans in Japan was the enactment of the “Foreign Capital Introduction Act” by Park Chung-he in the 1960s in the case of South Korea, and the Joint Legislation Act (joint law) by Kim Il-sung in the early 1980s in North Korea. Third, the characteristics of the Korean investment industry of the first generation Korean-Korean entrepreneurs in Korea were the metal industry and tourist hotel golf courses, and the North Korean investment tended to focus on the textile industry and light industry. However, even in Korean society, the labor-intensive spinning industry in the early stages of economic development was found to have contributed greatly to establishing the foundation of the Korean economy. Fourth, as an incentive for the first generation Koreans in Japan to invest in their motherland, the South and North Korean regimes enacted a medal in Korea and the “Socialist Patriot Award” in North Korea to promote investment. Fifth, the promotion of South and North Korean investment in the motherland began in earnest by the establishment of an investment company that suported domestic investment by Koreans in Japan in the late 1970s in the late 1970s, and the establishment of the Chosun International Joint Venture Company in 1986 in North Korea. In conclusion, although the timing is slightly diferent betwen the two Koreas, it was found that economic development policies were promoted by relying on the capital and technology of first generation Korean entrepreneurs in Japan rather than the introduction of foreign capital in the early stages of economic development.