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KERD
논문KCI 등재

日本における韓国人ニューカマー女性起 業家： 1980年代以降の展開

New Challenges and Transformations of Korean Female Entrepreneurs in Japan

임덕인
재외한인학회 (Association For The Studies Of Koreans Abroad(Ask))|2024.11|재외한인연구 (Studies of Koreans Abroad)|제67호|pp. 253-284

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키워드

젠더민족성네트워크한국인 여성 기업가이민 기업가트랜스내셔널기업가
주제분류기타인문학

초록

본 연구는 일본에 거주하는 한국인 여성 이민자들의 창업 활동과 비즈니스 전략을 중심으로, 이들이 직면한 성별과 민족성의 이중적 어려움을 극복하고 다양한시장에서 경쟁력을 높이기 위해 채택한 전략적 접근을 분석한다. 한국인 여성 이민 창업자들은 일본 사회에서 언어 장벽, 문화적 차이, 경제적 제약 등의 여러 도전에 직면하며, 특히 가족과 일의 균형을 맞추는 과제를 안고 있다. 연구 결과, 초기에는 민족적 네트워크에 의존한 비즈니스 모델이 주를 이루었으나, 점차 국내외시장에서 성공을 위해 보다 다양한 전략이 활용되는 경향이 발견되었다. 예를 들어, 온라인 네트워크와 크라우드펀딩 등 비전통적인 자금 조달 방식을 통해 사업을 확장하거나, 일본 현지 소비자뿐 아니라 국제 시장을 타겟으로 마케팅을 전개하면서 독창적인 비즈니스 모델을 구축해 나가고 있다. 이러한 새로운 전략은 이민자 연구와 트랜스내셔널 창업 연구에 중요한 시사점을 제공하며, 이민 여성 창업자들의 잠재적 성장 가능성을 보여준다. 본 연구는 한국인 여성 이민 창업자들의 경험을 통해, 이들이 다양한 시장에서 지속 가능한 비즈니스 모델을 구축하고경쟁력을 확보하기 위한 접근법을 제시한다.

Abstract

This study examines the entrepreneurial endeavors of Korean immigrant women in Japan, focusing on the strategies they use to navigate complex challenges related to gender and ethnicity. These entrepreneurs face unique obstacles, including language and cultural barriers, economic constraints, and the dual responsibilities of family and work. While early-stage businesses relied primarily on ethnic networks, recent trends show a shift toward diversified strategies to achieve broader market penetration, both domestically and internationally. Key strategies include using alternative financing mechanisms such as online networks and crowdfunding, expanding target demographics to include global and Japanese consumers, and adopting flexible business models to accommodate family responsibilities. Through a detailed analysis of these adaptive approaches, this research contributes to the fields of immigrant and transnational entrepreneurship by illuminating immigrant women's resilience and innovative capacity. It highlights their potential for sustainable growth and success and underscores the critical interplay of gender, cultural adaptability, and strategic diversification in their entrepreneurial trajectories.

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여성의 창업을 통해 본 기업가정신과 젠더전략이호숙여성연구소 · 여성학연구2015 · 제25권 제3호日本の女性起業家の特徴 -日・韓比較 -김현성, 문정아일본연구소 · 일본연구2017 · 제74호한국 기혼여성창업가의 경영방식에 대한 사례연구: 가정과 일 병행전략을 중심으로김영환, 오지선한국중소기업학회 · 중소기업연구2016 · 제38권 제4호한인여성 창업 결정요인 : 미국 캘리포니아지역 사례연구김민호, 민보연한국창업학회 · 한국창업학회지2019 · 제14권 제1호다문화여성 창업지원 프로그램의 의미와 정책적 과제이경미, 정지연, 조상미, 최수희한국창업학회 · 한국창업학회지2019 · 제14권 제6호여성 창업의 현주소: 한국의 연구 동향과 시사점이승아, 정태현, 최승호한국벤처창업학회 · 벤처창업연구2025 · 제20권 제3호

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