일본의 외국인 노동자 수용정책 변화와 함의: 아베정권을 중심으로
The Policy Shift on Accepting Foreign Workers in Japan and Its Implications: Focusing on Abe Administration
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The traditional policy of Japanese government on migrant workers is to exclude low-skilled or unskilled laborers and accept only high-skill laborers. But, with the inauguration of the second Abe administration in 2012, large-scale policy efforts to increase migrant workers have been undertaking. These efforts include creating new status of sojourn, extension of sojourn, promoting employment of international students, utilization of National Special Strategy Zone(deregulation zone), expanding of international technical intern training programs, establishment of Organization for Technical Intern Training. As a result, the number of foreign nationals employed in Japan surpassed 1million in 2016 for the first time. This paper examined the second Abe administration’s policy instruments to increase workers from overseas. To understand these institutional changes, this paper explored major factors that affecting recent policy shift such as rapid population aging, aggressive new growth strategy, and changes in public perceptions on acceptance of foreigners. The characteristics of Abe administration’s foreign worker acceptance were to promote the utilization of domestic potential work force. From the viewpoint of international intensifying competition to acquire foreign workers, it is necessary for Japan as well as Korea to enhance transparency and reliability of the foreign worker acceptance system while improving the settlement environment and labor situation for foreign workers.
Abstract
The traditional policy of Japanese government on migrant workers is to exclude low-skilled or unskilled laborers and accept only high-skill laborers. But, with the inauguration of the second Abe administration in 2012, large-scale policy efforts to increase migrant workers have been undertaking. These efforts include creating new status of sojourn, extension of sojourn, promoting employment of international students, utilization of National Special Strategy Zone(deregulation zone), expanding of international technical intern training programs, establishment of Organization for Technical Intern Training. As a result, the number of foreign nationals employed in Japan surpassed 1million in 2016 for the first time. This paper examined the second Abe administration’s policy instruments to increase workers from overseas. To understand these institutional changes, this paper explored major factors that affecting recent policy shift such as rapid population aging, aggressive new growth strategy, and changes in public perceptions on acceptance of foreigners. The characteristics of Abe administration’s foreign worker acceptance were to promote the utilization of domestic potential work force. From the viewpoint of international intensifying competition to acquire foreign workers, it is necessary for Japan as well as Korea to enhance transparency and reliability of the foreign worker acceptance system while improving the settlement environment and labor situation for foreign workers.
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