근대 중국정치와 민의(民意): 민권론의 전개를 중심으로
Political Ideas of the 'People's Right' in Modern China
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This study examines the ideas of 'People's Right'(minquan) in three different modern chinese political movements; the Hunan province reformist movement in the end of 1890's, the constitutional reformist movement and the republican revolutionary movement from 1901 to 1911. In these three different political movements, we can observe the anti-despotism as the common subject of modern chinese 'People's Right' idea. The leaders of the Hunan province reformist movement proposed a 'shared right regime between the people and the prince' which includes the establishment of National Assembly. The constitutionalists, for the improvement the people's right, tried to establish the modern constitutional and parliamentary system in the context of enlightened despotism. Different from the constitutionalist's compromised idea, the republican revolutionary claimed the direct and total realization of the people's right by overthrowing the Qing dynasty. It is certain that the People's Right movements precipitated the collapse of Qing dynasty in 1911. However, the Republic of China after the end of Qing dynasty neither stood firm nor consolidated the democracy. Moreover, the socialist revolution of 1949 didn't guarantee the chinese people's right. Contemporary China, even though it opened and reformed since 1978, continues Party's dictatorship. China in 21st century will face with the political task of how can it ensure the people's political right and institutionalize democracy in accordance with the growing economic welfare.
Abstract
This study examines the ideas of 'People's Right'(minquan) in three different modern chinese political movements; the Hunan province reformist movement in the end of 1890's, the constitutional reformist movement and the republican revolutionary movement from 1901 to 1911. In these three different political movements, we can observe the anti-despotism as the common subject of modern chinese 'People's Right' idea. The leaders of the Hunan province reformist movement proposed a 'shared right regime between the people and the prince' which includes the establishment of National Assembly. The constitutionalists, for the improvement the people's right, tried to establish the modern constitutional and parliamentary system in the context of enlightened despotism. Different from the constitutionalist's compromised idea, the republican revolutionary claimed the direct and total realization of the people's right by overthrowing the Qing dynasty. It is certain that the People's Right movements precipitated the collapse of Qing dynasty in 1911. However, the Republic of China after the end of Qing dynasty neither stood firm nor consolidated the democracy. Moreover, the socialist revolution of 1949 didn't guarantee the chinese people's right. Contemporary China, even though it opened and reformed since 1978, continues Party's dictatorship. China in 21st century will face with the political task of how can it ensure the people's political right and institutionalize democracy in accordance with the growing economic welfare.
참고문헌 (42)
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