세계무역기구의 개발도상국 참여 증진을 위한 노력: 정보공유 프로그램의 실효성 분석
Engaging Developing Countries in the WTO: Analyzing the effectiveness of information-sharing programs
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초록
이 연구는 WTO의 정보공유 프로그램들을 소개하고 그 실효성을 알아보는 것을 목표로 한다. 국제기구는 회원국과의 정보공유를 통해 회원국의 참여를 촉진시키고 궁극적으로 정당성을 유지할 수 있다. 최빈국을 비롯한 개발도상국의 자발적인 참여 증진은 국제기구의 존속에 필수적이다. WTO는 개발도상국의 참여 증진을 위한 여러 가지 정책들을 설립 초기부터 시행하였는데, 경제적 및 물질적 지원을 기반으로 한 정책들은 이들의 참여를 유도하는 데 한계가 있었다. 이에 최근 정보공유 프로그램의 활성화가 보다 강조되고 있다. WTO의 정보공유 프로그램은 회원국 내 엘리트들을 대상으로 하는 참조센터의 운영과 교육 프로그램의 시행 그리고 시민들을 대상으로 하는 공공포럼의 진행과 소셜 미디어의 활성화를 통해서 이루어진다. 이 두 가지 차원에서 모두 정보공유의 활성화가 이루어졌을 때, 회원국들의 참여를 증진 시킬 수 있다. 그러나 이 논문의 연구 결과, 이러한 엘리트 차원과 시민적 차원에서의 정보공유 프로그램들의 운영에 한계가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서, 이 연구는 WTO가 정보공유 프로그램의 실효성을 높이기 위해서 프로그램의 시행 방법과 그 과정에서의 변화가 필요함을 주장한다.
Abstract
This study aims to introduce and examine the effectiveness of the WTO’s information- sharing programs, which were implemented to uphold the principles of free trade among its members and encourage participation in the WTO. International organizations can foster member engagement and sustain legitimacy via information-sharing with member states. The voluntary participation of developing countries is essential for the international organizations to play its role. After the establishment of the WTO in 1995, it has implemented various policies to enhance developing countries' engagement. The WTO has been emphasizing information-sharing programs in stimulating the participation of developing countries because of the limitations in its existing policies that focus mostly on economic and material support. These programs include the operation of reference centers and training programs targeting the elites of the member states, as well as public forums and social media aimed at civil society. However, the findings of this paper reveal that these information-sharing programs at the elite and civic levels have not been significantly effective in promoting developing countries’ participation. Therefore, the WTO should explore changes in policy implementation to better achieve the objectives of its information-sharing programs.
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