기계적 감시 장치로서 CCTV 활용에 대한 비교법적 검토
A Comparative Study on the CCTV Policy in Public Place as a Mechanical Surveillance of CPTED
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본 연구는 기계적 감시 중 CCTV에 편중된 현재의 CPTED 정책이 갖는 문 제점 중 인권 침해적 요소를 살펴보기 위하여 다른 나라에서 경험한 CCTV와 관련한 인권 침해 사례를 검토하고 이들 사회가 규정한 CCTV 관련 법규들을 살펴보는 것을 주된 목적으로 삼았다. 미국, 영국, 독일, 및 기타 유럽국가로 서 프랑스, 스웨덴, 네덜란드의 법률을 소개하였고, CCTV에 대한 태도를 실 험한 유럽의 Urban Eye 프로젝트를 통하여 CCTV의 효과가 상당히 정책적이 고 주관적일 수 있음을 보여주었다. 이러한 연구를 통해 CCTV가 인권 침해 적 고민이 선행되지 않은 채 정책적으로 만연하게 활용되는 사회일수록 사후 적 정보 관리를 위한 법률 제정이 매우 제한적이고 효과를 기대하기도 어려 움을 알 수 있다. CPTED 관련 전략 수립에 있어서 제한적으로 인적 감시를 보조하는 수단으로 기계적 감시를 활용하도록 해야 할 것이고, 기계적 감시를 통해 획득된 개인의 정보는, 정보의 분절을 계획하여 통합적 정보 형성을 방 지할 수 있어야 한다. 구체적 정책적 함의와 다양한 법률들에 대한 소개는 본 문에서 진행하도록 한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to show a concern for CCTV policy as a mechanical surveillance strategy of CPTED principles. The concern is embodied by the cases of violation of human rights from CCTV management and operation in other countries. This paper mainly contains the legal policies on CCTV for US, UK, Germany, and other European countries. Moreover, as introducing the UrbanEye project, points this paper how the perception toward effectiveness on CCTV is a matter of policy and subjective issue regardless of the actual results. It is recognized that the prevalent CCTVs without concerns on human rights before installation let the citizen and society control them hard. Also, it is less effective even in terms of legal control. Finally, this paper recommends that the use of CCTVs (mechanical surveillance) should be limited tool as an alternative of natural surveillance by human. The acquired information by the mechanical surveillance should be rejected as designing the disconnection of the information. Detailed policy implications and the various Acts will be discussed in the context.
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