공감의 학제적 담론에서 공감신학의 실천으로

Abstract

Under the influence of the Greek philosophy after Plato and Aristotle, the reason-centered philosophy had dominated mercilessly the emotion-centered philosophy in the hegemony between the reason and the emotion. But, after the 18th century, the tradition of the moral rationalism placed emphasis on the reason rather than the emotion was faced with a reflective introspection about the reason-centered thoughts by D. Hume, A. Smith, A. Schopenhauer and M. Scheler focusing on the emotionalism[sentimentalism]. So to speak, escaped from the rule of reason, they put an end to the initiative of reason and emotion by ensuring the independence and the autonomy of emotion. Hence, in their ideological system, the balance and the harmony between reason and emotion were constructively tried. Because the reason of human only is not the subject of moral behavior and not the recognizing function, that is, it is certain that the emotional recognize is not a subordinate concept of the rational recognize. Objecting to the rationalism, the emotionalism heads toward an intuition without feelings and a spirit without feelings. The concept of ‘empathy’ handled in this study is essentially the so-called a colligated conception of emotion and a core value of the 21st century. In a strict sense, the meaning of ‘empathy’ is preferentially to enter into the others’ suffering and then to feel other people’s pain as own pain. Through the interdisciplinary dialogue’s system among Hume, Smith, Scheler, A. Heschel, and J. Moltmann, this study evades not only vigorously the extreme rationalism, but also the extreme emotionalism. According to them, the principle of empathy precedes the principle of reason because the emotion of empathy is intrinsically rather than reason. Today, the exploration concerning this empathy continues in the interchange of the interdisciplinary researches and fields. Therefore, in oder to concretize the practice of the theology of empathy, the purpose of this study is to seek understandings and interpretations in horizon of the interdisciplinary researches in regard to the empathy, that is, the philosophical, economical, ethical and psychological discourses(Hume, Smith, Scheler), and the theological discourses(Heschel, Moltmann) understood and interpreted in the interdisciplinary dialogue. In consequence, this study tries to find a way for the empathy theology’s practice based on the Trinity of empathy given as a result.