최선의 가능한 세계: 자유주의 국제질서의 기원에 관한 고찰
The Best of All Possible Worlds: A Study of the Origin of the Liberal International Order
2
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
이 논문은 오늘날 자유주의 국제정치의 바탕을 이루는 ‘이익의 조화’ 관념과 이상주의적 사고의 이면에 자리 잡고 있는 ‘최선의 가능한 세계’ 담론의 역사를 다룬다. 라이프니츠에 의해 체계적으로 정리된 이 관념은 선한 존재로서 신이 다양한 가능성 중에 최선의 세계를 창조했음을 드러내고자 하였고, 그럼으로써 인간의 이성을 강조하는 계몽주의의 시대적 요구를 기독교 신학과 통합하였다. 하지만 이러한 이상주의적 세계관에 대한 도전이 점차 거세어졌는데, 이 논문은 볼테르의 비판과 더불어 칸트를 중심으로 하여 ‘최선의 가능한 세계’에 대한 관념이 한층 현실적으로 재구성되는 변화를 추적한다. 이러한 논의를 바탕으로 이 논문은 ‘최선의 가능한 세계’ 관념이 오늘날 국제정치 패러다임의 주류를 형성하고 있는 자유주의적 접근과 관련하여 어떤 의미와 한계를 갖는지를 이론적으로 검토한다.
Abstract
This paper discusses the history of discourse on the best of all possible worlds which has resided behind the notions of harmony of interests and utopian worldviews. The notion of the best of all possible worlds, which was theorized by Gottfried W. Leibniz, was intended to show how the God, who is the goodness itself, chose and created this world as the best possible among many scenarios. This way was how Leibniz integrated the Christian theodicy upon the newly emerging demands for human reason from the Enlightenment. The paper also explains the counteractions against the notion of the best of all possible worlds, by Voltaire and Immanuel Kant who tried to restructure the notion into a more realistic one. The paper extends the theoretical implications of the best of all possible worlds to the liberal approach which has become a major paradigm in international relations.
참고문헌 (40)
- 백종현, "칸트 이성철학 9서 5제 : ‘참’ 가치의 원리로서 이성" (2012), 아카넷
- 이상명, "서양 근대종교철학" (2015), 창비
- 전재성, "E. H. 카아의 비판적 현실주의 국제정치이론", 한국정치학회보, 33(3) (1999)
- Altwicker, Tilmann, "International Law in the Best of All Possible Worlds : An Introduction to G. W. Leibniz’s Theory of International Law", European Journal of International Law, 30(1) (2019)
- Barrow, John, "The Anthropic Cosmological Principle" (1986), Clarendon Press
- Caro, Hernán, "The Best of All Possible Worlds? Leibniz’s Philosophical Optimism and Its Critics 1710-1755" (2020), Brill
- Carr, E. H., "20년의 위기" (2000), 녹문당
- Daeley, Justin, "Why God Must Do What Is Best: A Philosophical Investigation of Theistic Optimism" (2022), Bloomsbury
- Dawkins, Richard, "눈먼 시계공" (2004), 사이언스 북스
- Eagleton, Terry, "낙관하지 않는 희망" (2016), 우물이 있는 집
- Ekeland, Ivar, "가능한 최선의 세계" (2016), 필로소픽
- Franceschet, Antonio, "Classical Theory in International Relations" (2006), Cambridge University Press
- Hume, David, "Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion and Other Writings" (2007), Cambridge University Press
- Kain, Patrick, "Leibniz and Kant" (2021), Oxford University Press
- Kant, Immanuel, "Immanuel Kant: Theoretical Philosophy, 1755-1770" (1992), Cambridge University Press
- Kant, Immanuel, "Toward Perpetual Peace and Other Writings on Politics, Peace, and History" (2006), Yale University Press
- Korsmeyer, Carolyn, "Is Pangloss Leibniz?", Philosophy and Literature, 1(2) (1977)
- Krishnan, Maya, "Kant’s Critical Theory of the Best Possible World", Kantian Review, 26 (2021)
- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, "Theodicy : Essays on the Goodness of God, the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil" (2007), BiblioBazaar
- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, "형이상학 논고" (2010), 아카넷
- Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm, "Leibniz’s Monadology : A New Translation and Guide" (2014), Edinburgh University Press
- Lodge, Paul, "Leibniz’s Key Philosophical Writings: A Guide" (2020), Oxford University Press
- Lovejoy, Arthur, "The Great Chain of Being : A Study of the History of an Idea" (1936), Harvard University Press
- Mann, William, "Being and Goodness: The Concept of the Good in Metaphysics and Philosophical Theology" (1991), Cornell University Press
- Meiner, Carsten, "The Cultural Life of Catastrophes and Crises" (2012), De Gruyter
- Monton, Bradley, "God, Fine-Tuning, and the Problem of Old Evidence", British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 57 (2006)
- Nadler, Steven, "The Best of All Possible Worlds : A Story of Philosophers, God, and Evil in the Age of Reason" (2008), Princeton University Press
- Paley, William, "Natural Theology or Evidence of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity, Collected from the Appearances of Nature" (2006), Cambridge University Press
- Roinila, Markku, "Kant und die Philosophie in Weltbürlicher Absicht: Akten des XI. Internationalen Kant-Kongresses, Brand 5" (2013), De Gruyter
- Russett, Bruce, "Triangulating Peace : Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organization" (2001), W. W. Norton
- Schneewind, Jerome, "근대 도덕철학의 역사 2" (2018), 나남
- Schneewind, Jerome, "근대 도덕철학의 역사 3" (2018), 나남
- Vasilyev, Vadim, "Hume: Between Leibniz and Kant (The Role of Pre-Established Harmony in Hume’s Philosophy)", Hume Studies, 19(1) (1993)
- Voltaire, "쟈디그․캉디드" (2011), 펭귄클래식코리아
- Voltaire, "The Problem of Evil" (2017), University of Nortre Dame Press
- Walker, Thomas, "Two Faces of Liberalism : Kant, Paine, and the Question of Intervention", International Studies Quarterly, 52 (2008)
- Waltz, Kenneth, "Man, the State and War : A Theoretical Analysis" (1959), Columbia University Press
- Williams, Howard, "Essays on Kant’s Political Philosophy" (1992), University of Wales Press
- Wight, Martin, "International Theory : The Three Traditions" (1991), Leicester University Press
- Wyatt-Walter, Andrew, "Adam Smith and the Liberal Tradition in International Relations", Review of International Studies, 22 (1996)