From Nietzsche’s Overhuman to the Posthuman of Transhumanism: Transcultural Discourses
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In his reflections on liberal eugenics, Habermas implicitly replies to suggestions put forward by Sloterdijk whereby he cites him without mentioning his name while at the same time identifying his thinking with a naturalist version of poshumanism as well as with all too German Nietzschean breeding fantasies. This example alone reveals the cultural impact of the question concerning the relationship between Nietzsche’s philosophy and transhumanist thinking. The article explains why this question should be of relevance to us today. Firstly, a detailed account of the Academic exchanges concerning the relationship between Nietzsche’s and transhumanist thinking is being presented. Secondly, central reflections why there are parallel structures between these two philosophies are being dealt with, so that selected implications of these reflections for contemporary discourses can be explained in part three of the article. Thereby, some radical consequences which these thoughts have for contemporary bioethical issues such as incest, hybridisation, three biological parenthood, and selection after in vitro fertilisation and preimplantation genetic diagnosis are being described. It becomes clear that by dealing with Nietzsche’s complex philosophical reflections and by confronting them with transhumanists positions concerning central technical issues, a further philosophical depth can get added to these contemporary reflections. This methodology, however, is only possible due to the similarity of the approaches put forward by Nietzsche and transhumanists. Key Words: Nietzsche, transhumanism, overhuman, posthuman, nihilism
Abstract
In his reflections on liberal eugenics, Habermas implicitly replies to suggestions put forward by Sloterdijk whereby he cites him without mentioning his name while at the same time identifying his thinking with a naturalist version of poshumanism as well as with all too German Nietzschean breeding fantasies. This example alone reveals the cultural impact of the question concerning the relationship between Nietzsche’s philosophy and transhumanist thinking. The article explains why this question should be of relevance to us today. Firstly, a detailed account of the Academic exchanges concerning the relationship between Nietzsche’s and transhumanist thinking is being presented. Secondly, central reflections why there are parallel structures between these two philosophies are being dealt with, so that selected implications of these reflections for contemporary discourses can be explained in part three of the article. Thereby, some radical consequences which these thoughts have for contemporary bioethical issues such as incest, hybridisation, three biological parenthood, and selection after in vitro fertilisation and preimplantation genetic diagnosis are being described. It becomes clear that by dealing with Nietzsche’s complex philosophical reflections and by confronting them with transhumanists positions concerning central technical issues, a further philosophical depth can get added to these contemporary reflections. This methodology, however, is only possible due to the similarity of the approaches put forward by Nietzsche and transhumanists.
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