Perception and Production of consonant Clusters by Korean Learners of English
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참고문헌
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초록
This paper examines the relationship between perception and production of English consonant clusters by Korean learners of English in order to investigate whether L2 learners' (or foreign language learners') pronunciation abilities lag behind their perceptual abilities or whether their pronunciation difficulties are closely related to their perceptional defect of the target sounds. Overall, the results of the experiment have shown that the correct percentage of production (62%) was a little bit higher than that of perception (58%). This result supports the findings obtained by Sheldon and Strange (1982) with Japanese learners' acquisition of English /l/ and /r/, in that Japanese learners' production skills preceded their perceptual skills. However, it has been shown that this unexpected result interacts with syllable positions, consonant cluster types, as well as the number of clusters. Moreover, the markedness hypothesis has been shown to be influenced not only by the number of clusters but also by the types of clusters, as the error rate of biconsonantal clusters was much higher than that of triconsonantal clusters in the word-initial position in production due to the presence of more marked biconsonantal fricatives. Furthermore, it has been suggested that some of second (foreign) language learners' perceived forms and/or lexical forms of the foreign words may not be target-appropriate and that both perception and production may develop gradually. The paper has also investigated the learner variability in terms of the perception and production relationship. Specifically, the participants are subdivided into four different groups, depending on their perception and production abilities and a schematic optimality-theoretic analysis of the learner variability patterns has been offered in terms of the interactions among faithfulness constraints in perception and production, along with markedness constraints. In specific, it has been shown that for the learners whose production abilities precede their perception abilities orthography influences the lexical representation of a target item, and consequently recognizing the role of orthography in second (foreign) language acquisition.
Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between perception and production of English consonant clusters by Korean learners of English in order to investigate whether L2 learners' (or foreign language learners') pronunciation abilities lag behind their perceptual abilities or whether their pronunciation difficulties are closely related to their perceptional defect of the target sounds. Overall, the results of the experiment have shown that the correct percentage of production (62%) was a little bit higher than that of perception (58%). This result supports the findings obtained by Sheldon and Strange (1982) with Japanese learners' acquisition of English /l/ and /r/, in that Japanese learners' production skills preceded their perceptual skills. However, it has been shown that this unexpected result interacts with syllable positions, consonant cluster types, as well as the number of clusters. Moreover, the markedness hypothesis has been shown to be influenced not only by the number of clusters but also by the types of clusters, as the error rate of biconsonantal clusters was much higher than that of triconsonantal clusters in the word-initial position in production due to the presence of more marked biconsonantal fricatives. Furthermore, it has been suggested that some of second (foreign) language learners' perceived forms and/or lexical forms of the foreign words may not be target-appropriate and that both perception and production may develop gradually. The paper has also investigated the learner variability in terms of the perception and production relationship. Specifically, the participants are subdivided into four different groups, depending on their perception and production abilities and a schematic optimality-theoretic analysis of the learner variability patterns has been offered in terms of the interactions among faithfulness constraints in perception and production, along with markedness constraints. In specific, it has been shown that for the learners whose production abilities precede their perception abilities orthography influences the lexical representation of a target item, and consequently recognizing the role of orthography in second (foreign) language acquisition.
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