1930년대 향약 단체 운영과 단체장의 성향

Abstract

This research is research is about the operation and formation of Hyangyak organizations and tendencies of the leaders of 44 organizations, which received subsidies to promote Hyangyak from the Japanese Government General of Korea and Dongyak of Hamgyeongbuk-doin the 1930’s. Each organization operated in many different ways in Gun (County), Myeon (Township) and Dong or Ri (Village) unit. The Hyangyak organizations in Gun units have sub-organizations in Myeon or Ri and organizations in Dong or Ri units are controlled by Gun or Do. This tendency is noticeable in Hamgyeongbuk-do, Pyeongannam-do and Jeollanbuk-do. The compositions of high-ranking officers in Hyangyak organizations differ from one another. Among them, positions that are not found from the traditional Hyangyak such as Councilors and Secretariesare confirmed. Also, the appointment of high-ranking officers who has the decision-making authorities on important matters and can exercise influences on the organization is related to Kwan (Government). Leading figures in Hyangyak organizations including the chief of Hyangyak can be classified into 3 types. The first type is the people who were government officials at the time like Governor of Do, Governor of Gum and Head of Myeon when Hyangyak Promotion Fund was applied. The second type is the people who served as Head of Gu, Principal, Councilor of Do, Member of Council Meeting of Myeon and Union Representative. The third type is the people who didn’t have any special career but had knowledge in Chinese classics, were well educated or were potentate with considerable asset in the town.