자본주의와 사회주의 국가의 현대시에 투영된 노동의식 비교 연구 - 남한·북한·중국의 탄광시가 지닌 문학치료적 관점을 중심으로

Abstract

This study compared the coal mine poetry of South Korea, North Korea, and China and examined them together in terms of literary therapy. The coal mine poems of North Korea and Korean-Chinese, which were used as text, were collected through university libraries in China, and some were supplemented with materials published in Korea. Coal mine poems in South Korea mainly dealt with exploitation by capitalists, the reality of poverty, and the pain of intense labor. In the coal mines of North Korea and China, the romance of the coal mine labor field, the optimism of the miner's life, and the patriotism toward coal production were mainly shown. Looking at the emotional side of poetry, while South Korean coal mine poetry revealed despair and pessimism, North Korean and Chinese works revealed revolutionary romanticism and optimistic sentiment. If South Korea's coal mines gained the effect of catharsis and therapy through candid expression of self-emotions, coal mines in North Korea and China played a role in imparting pride to miners. It was also confirmed that North Korea's coal mining poetry coincided with the Chinese poetic world, but appeared in the opposite aspect to South Korea's poetry. The reality of coal mine labor is similar between North and South Korea, but the aspect of expressing it in poetry is greatly different depending on the difference in system. This can be seen as the reflection of the capitalist system that prioritizes the individual and the socialist system that prioritizes the social group of the working class in the coal mine. Coal mines in South Korea are voicing not only individual sincere feelings, but also the absurd problems of the labor field in the social structure. It can also be seen as paving the way for a cure for the problems that society experiences as the miner's personal pain is revealed through poetry.