한국 본생담(Jataka)의 분포와 향유 방식의 변화

Abstract

Jataka had various effects as it was transformed to suit the climate of the transmission area. In our case, Jataka came in and had a significant impact on literature as well as culture and art. In this study, jataka was examined macroscopically from the perspective of Korean literature and cultural arts, and then its value was evaluated. The summary of the discussion is as follows. First, the distribution pattern of Korean Jataka literature was outlined. Here, the distribution aspect of Jataka literature was examined based on the three major genres of literature. First of all, the lyric genre's jataka is a poem type of verse, which was intruded into the Korean Buddhist Book in the early Joseon Dynasty. The prose type of narrative genre was divided into oral narratives of folktales and record narratives of novels to examine the distribution pattern. The oral epic can be seen in the folktale figure of the fable, and the record narrative can be seen in the novels of the formative period and the matured period. The genre of dramatic literature was divided into sacred drama literature and profane drama literature. Sacred drama literature can be seen in Buddhist and shamanic rituals, and secular drama literature can be seen in Pansori. Second, the genre of Korean jataka changed in various ways during the distribution process. It is the result of responding flexibly by making genre changes for the purpose of missionary work and entertainment. Inside literature, lyric, narrative, and dramatic literature each showed genre negotiations through changes. The lyric genre was changed to the narrative genre and the theater genre, the narrative genre was changed to the lyric genre and the theater genre, and the theater genre was changed to the lyric genre and the narrative genre. Outside of literature, it was distributed as a jataka vocal mand instrumental music, and was also passed down as art such as murals as well as paintings. And they were also handed down as unified performances. All were necessary to effectively transmit and enjoy jataka. Third, the significance of Korean Jataka literature in the history of literature was examined. Jataka was enjoyed regardless of the time and region because of the fictional nature of the story of the past life, and because of its lesson and interesting literary nature. Therefore, we must value both traditional and present values. Traditionally, we must acknowledge the value of our literature in that it has maintained a rich and diachronic context. Current value should be found in that Jataka is still useful content. Since Jataka acts not only as original content but also used as creative and educational content, the present value must be newly recognized.