한국 구전서사 속 ‘부친살해’ 모티프의 역방향 변용 탐색

Abstract

This study is intended to analyze several aspects of reversing variations of the motif of 'patricide' in the tradition of korean oral narratives. It deals with several aspects varied from the motif of 'patricide' to the motif of 'filicide'. The 'patricide' is a general motif in many heroic myths in which heroes creates their own new world. Especially, it is focused on what effects are to be made by variations on the theme of 'patricide' and 'filicide'. If locutionary acts are going to be described as performances with social and powerful effects, then oral-narrative performances are to be interpreted as perlocutionary and performative acts as well. In korean myths there is not a father of main character to construct his own new world escaping from an old world. And a father of the future successor, the son, abandons him before he leaves his father. Therefore, murdering father does not occur in these stories because the father abandons his son first. The 'patricide' is avoided in the tradition of korean oral narratives. There is a motif of 'filicide' in narratives like in the stories of filial duty. First example of this is "Sonsunmaea(孫順埋兒)". In this story, Sonsun finds the bell while he buries his son eating grandmother's food to take care of his mother very well, with his wife. "Dongjasam(童子蔘)" is the story about a husband and a wife who boil their child in a caldron to do their filial duties to the husband's sick parents. In these stories, parents kill their child even without any inner conflicts or a moment of hesitation. However, strange enough, they get rich in reward or they get to see their living son again with the help of god later on. In the story of "Agijangsu(아기장수)", a parent kills its son to be a great hero in one community where people regard a baby as a man with possible threat to the society. In the story of "Utury(우투리)", a child who has the possibility of saving the world or becoming a new king fails to be because his mother accidently reveals her son's secret or because one commander dispatches soldiers to kill Utury with much threat. The values and disciplines of community acquire a stupendous preponderance in these narratives. If the oral-narratives constitute scenarios indicating specific social identities and its performance implies symptoms of the gendered, performing itself is the processes of enacting the gender-identity of male or female and the performative mechanism is the matrix which produces the gendered subject. Furthermore, when the performance of these oral narratives present the structure having an effect of initiation into a society, it works on individual performers as a normalization system based on the criterion and standard of social homogenization.