Exploring the Conversational Use of the Korean Category Term Ajumma
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Drawing on conversation analysis and membership categorization, this paper examines the use of the Korean category term ajumma. Viewing ajumma as a social category with implicit assumptions about those categorized (such as being unattractive, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and disliked for certain traits and behaviors), it examines how speakers mobilize these assumptions for practical interactional tasks. Based on the analysis of 190 instances of ajumma, the paper shows how speakers refer to someone as an ajumma, thereby degrading the activity or situation involved, which would otherwise be characterized differently. The study also examines a non-reference use of ajumma, focusing in particular on the labeling of individuals as in “You’re an ajumma.” It demonstrates how such labeling can cause offense by amplifying a personal and/or temporary issue as categorically preordained, thus rendering it unavoidable and irremediable. The paper concludes by contemplating how such use of ajumma can lead to piercing confrontation in interactional contexts.
Abstract
Drawing on conversation analysis and membership categorization, this paper examines the use of the Korean category term ajumma. Viewing ajumma as a social category with implicit assumptions about those categorized (such as being unattractive, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and disliked for certain traits and behaviors), it examines how speakers mobilize these assumptions for practical interactional tasks. Based on the analysis of 190 instances of ajumma, the paper shows how speakers refer to someone as an ajumma, thereby degrading the activity or situation involved, which would otherwise be characterized differently. The study also examines a non-reference use of ajumma, focusing in particular on the labeling of individuals as in “You’re an ajumma.” It demonstrates how such labeling can cause offense by amplifying a personal and/or temporary issue as categorically preordained, thus rendering it unavoidable and irremediable. The paper concludes by contemplating how such use of ajumma can lead to piercing confrontation in interactional contexts.
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