국어 비종결어미의 종결어미화에 대하여

Abstract

The main purpose of this paper is to clarify the processes of functional shift of the endings from nonfinal to final. The functional shift of the final endings derives from the grammatical shift of the nonfinal endings. Its processes were fully considered with .the endings of the subordinate conjunctive, the supplementary conjunctive, and the nominal, respectively; the shift pattern is fairly said to be the same in them all. The stages of shift from the nonfinal endings to the final ones are formulated as follows: 1) reduction of a sentence structure => 2) shift of grammatical functions => 3) performance of terminal function and placement of stress => 4) aquisition of sentence-terminal functions The nonfinal endings of the subordinate conjunctive `-k◎d◎n`, `-nte`, `-nik`a`, etc., the supplementary conjunctive `-◎`, `-ci`, `-ke`, `-ko`, and the nominal `-um`, `-ki`, etc. are transformed into the final ones through the processes above. In particular, the final endings `-◎`, `-ci`, `-ke`, `-ko`, etc., transformed from the supplementary conjunctive, can be categorized as the final endings with three common syntactic characteristics. First, the honorific ending `-yo` occurs with no restriction when a sentence has these final endings; secondly, these endings are available to more than two sentence-final moods; thirdly, these endings are employed to show honor, on the same level, to listeners: