만주어 종결어미 -re와 -mbi의 분포와 의미: ≪滿文老檔≫을 중심으로
The Distribution and Meaning of the Manchu Finite Verbal Suffixes -re and -mbi
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This paper aims to present the distribution and meaning of the Manchu finite verbal suffix -re, in comparison with those of -mbi. Both suffixes have been reported to represent time in the future, while their difference remains to be explained. In this paper, Manwen laotang (滿文老檔), the early Manchu document, has thoroughly investigated to clarify the different distribution and meaning of two suffixes. -re occurs only with 1st person subjects, and its tense should be in accordance with the time of speech, that is, the present tense. These constraints correspond with the characteristics of the performatives that Austin (1962) suggested. Thus -re shows ‘speaker-oriented’ modality, and the meaning is speaker’s commitment (or volition) to the proposition. On the other hand, -mbi does not show the person constraint, and can be combined with the past tense suffix -he. They also show different behavior in negation: the negative form of -mbi is -rakū; while the negative form of -re is -rakū ojoro. These differences show that a verbal phrase with -mbi functions as a sentence predicate in basic, and at best it can be said that they have ‘agent-oriented’ modality in certain contexts.
Abstract
This paper aims to present the distribution and meaning of the Manchu finite verbal suffix -re, in comparison with those of -mbi. Both suffixes have been reported to represent time in the future, while their difference remains to be explained. In this paper, Manwen laotang (滿文老檔), the early Manchu document, has thoroughly investigated to clarify the different distribution and meaning of two suffixes. -re occurs only with 1st person subjects, and its tense should be in accordance with the time of speech, that is, the present tense. These constraints correspond with the characteristics of the performatives that Austin (1962) suggested. Thus -re shows ‘speaker-oriented’ modality, and the meaning is speaker’s commitment (or volition) to the proposition. On the other hand, -mbi does not show the person constraint, and can be combined with the past tense suffix -he. They also show different behavior in negation: the negative form of -mbi is -rakū; while the negative form of -re is -rakū ojoro. These differences show that a verbal phrase with -mbi functions as a sentence predicate in basic, and at best it can be said that they have ‘agent-oriented’ modality in certain contexts.
참고문헌 (22)
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