협동학습이 학업성취에 미치는 영향에 대한 메타분석: 2000년 이후에 발간된 국내 학술논문을 중심으로
A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Academic Achievement in Cooperative Learning
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본 연구는 메타분석 방법을 적용하여 협동학습이 학업성취에 미치는 효과를 분석하는데 있다. 본 연구를 수행하기 위하여 2001년도부터 2012년까지 국내에서 발표된 학술논문 48편 가운데 54개의 효과크기 수를 분석하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 다음과 같은 연구 문제를 설정하였다. 첫째, 협동학습이 학업성취에 미치는 전체 평균 효과크기는 어느 정도인가? 둘째, 협동학습 각 모형들이 학업성취에 미치는 평균 효과크기는 어느 정도인가? 셋째, 협동학습 실시 대상의 성별, 학교급별, 실시 교과목에 따라 협동학습의 효과는 어느 정도인가? 넷째, 학생들의 학습능력 정도(상위, 중위, 하위)에 따라 협동학습의 학업성취 효과는 어느 정도인가?본 연구를 통하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 본 연구에서 설정한 협동학습의 전체 평균 효과크기는 .44(r=.21)로 나타나 실험집단의 효과는 67.00퍼센타일로 17퍼센타일 만큼의 증가를 보였다. 둘째, 협동학습의 모형들 중 학업성취에 가장 큰 효과를 나타내고 있는 모형은 구조중심 협동학습과 Jigsaw로, 타 모형에 비해 학생들의 학업성취에 효과가 큰 모형인 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 협동학습의 실시 대상 학생들의 성별에 따른 학업성취 효과는 남녀혼합집단이, 실시 대상에 따른 학업성취 효과크기는 초등학교 학생의 학업성취 효과가 가장 큰 것으로 밝혀졌다. 또한 실시교과목에 따라서는 예체능과 과학 교과의 효과크기가 큰 것으로 드러났다. 넷째, 협동학습에 있어서 학생들의 학습능력 수준에 따른 학업성취 효과는 하위집단, 중위집단, 상위집단 순으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of academic achievement in cooperative learning using the meta-analysis method. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, 48 academic journal, published from 2001 to August 2012 were analyzed and 54 effect sizes were calculated. This study set the following questions to be answered. Problem 1: How large is the grand mean effect size of the independent variable, cooperative learning selected in this study?Problem 2: How large are the mean effect sizes of the each model of cooperative learning selected in this study?Problem 3: How large are the mean effect size of cooperative learning according to sex, age(grade), curriculum area, publication year selected in this study?Problem 4: How large are the mean effect sizes of cooperative learning according to academic ability of students?The results of this study were as follows:1. The grand mean effect size of the independent variable, cooperative learning selected in this study turned out to be .44. 2. The mean effect sizes of the each model of cooperative learning selected in this study, structural cooperative learning model showed the highest effect size, its effect size being .91. The second highest one is Jigsaw whose effect size is .72. On the other hand, small group cooperative learning was proved to have the lowest effect size in this study. 3. Cooperative learning is effective for academic achievement of elementary school students and highschool students. Cooperative learning is most effective in fine arts subject but less effective in mathematic. 4. Cooperative learning is effective for academic achievement of low learning ability students.
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