천식의 만성기도개형에서 섬유아세포성장인자와 그 수용체의 역할
bFGF & FGFR Expression in Chronic Airway Remodeling of Asthma
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초록
천식환자에서 나타나는 기도의 다양한 구조적 변화는 기도 상피와 하부 세포외기질 간의 작용에 의한 결과로 생각되고 있으며 여기에는 손상된 상피의 이상 복구과정에서 분비되는 여러 성장인자들이 관여한다. 여러 임상 연구, 동물 연구 및 세포주를 이용한 실험 연구의 결과 bFGF와 FGFR의 신호에 의해 섬유모세포, 평활근 세포, 내피 세포의 증식에 영향을 미칠 것으로 보인다. 천식환자의 기도에서 bFGF의 표현에 영향을 미치는 다른 성장인자나 사이토카인과 주 표현세포, 그리고 그 분비에 관련된 신호 전달에 대한 연구 및 그 수용체의 분포와 작용에 대한 연구들이 요구된다. 또한 T세포와 관련된 염증반응을 목표로 한 현재의 천식치료가 기도개형에 미치는 영향을 알기 위해서 상피 기질 간 상호작용에 관여하는 여러 성장인자들을 조절하는 치료법의 고안이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.
Abstract
A number of structural changes occur in the airway wall in asthma. The most characteristic is thickening of the subepithelial lamina reticularis which is observed in bronchial tissue even in patients with mild disease. This pathophysiological change which was the result of deposition of interstitial collagens by increased numbers of myofibroblasts is likely to be directed by growth factors having fibropoliferative and profibrotic effect. The acivation of the epithelial-mesenchymal unit involves reciprocal activities of growth factors belonging to the fibroblast growth (FGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and transforming growth factor-β families. Among them FGF is a member of family of heparin binding growth factors that affect the growth and differentiation of a large number of cell types. Especially basic FGF involved in morphogenesis, wound repair, inflammation, angiogenesis, and tumor growth and invasion, and require the glycosaminoglycan side chains of heparan sulphate, proteoglycans for high affinity binding to their specific receptors. Few studies suggested bFGF would be an important regulator of airway remodeling by means of paracrine control of bronchial myofibroblasts in response to cell damage and repair.
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