조선후기 감로탱화에 나타난 민화적 요소 연구

Abstract

Gamrotaenghwa from the Joseon period is a painting which illustrates nectar serving to Yukdo (six states of karmic existence) Jungsaeng (Sattva). This Buddhist painting was produced for about 4 hundred years from the late 16th century to the early 20th century. It expressed a pattern of reactions to human death through a Buddhist ritual. In the 18th century, as economic indicators got favorable, the Korean caste system started to break down, and commoners’ self-consciousness surged. With their willingness to create and share their own culture, a folk painting emerged as a new genre of painting. A folk painting illustrated ordinary people who had healthy and honest lifestyles with liberal beauty. Even though Buddhist paintings were strictly developed according to uigwe (protocols), gamrotaenghwa was able to freely reflect an author’s creativity and painting trends at that time. Since this Buddhist painting well described commoners’ lifestyles, this study is able to investigate transition in painting during the late Joseon period. In addition, it’s been confirmed that diverse folk painting elements were reflected in a very specific manner. Furthermore, gamrotaenghwa and folk painting reveal the cultural liberation of the commoners who wanted to transform the feudalism into a modern society and dynamics of the times.