국제 경쟁에서 오염세와 항만 민영화에 대한 경제 모델의 분석
Economic Modelling of Emission Tax and Port Privatization in an International Competition
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본 연구는 환경 오염을 고려한 국제 경쟁에서 항만 민영화와 오염세의 정책 연관성을 살펴보고 있다. 구체적으로 두 국가의 항만 소유에 대한 전략적 관계를 반영하여 두 국가간 시장 규모의 상대적인 크기가 정책 선택에 미치는 영향을 분석하고 있다. 주요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 시장 규모가 큰 국가는 오염세를 한계 오염 피해수준보다 높게 설정하지만, 시장 규모가 작은 국가는 상대적인 시장 규모의 차이에 따라 전략적으로 오염세의 수준을 결정한다. 또한, 시장 규모가 큰 국가는 민영화 정책을 항상 선호하지만, 시장 규모가 작은 국가는 상대적인 시장 규모의 차이에 따라 전략적으로 민영화 선택을 달리한다. 마지막으로 양국이 실시하는 민영화 정책의 내생적 선택 게임의 균형에서는 두 국가 모두 민영화 정책을 실행하지만, 글로벌 후생의 관점에서 보면 이러한 균형은 바람직하지않을 수 있다. 따라서, 국제 경쟁에서 양 국가의 시장규모에 따른 민영화 정책의 조율뿐만 아니라 오염세의 수준에 대해서도 국제적 협력을 추진하는 것이 중요하다.
Abstract
Considering policy interactions between port privatization and emission tax under international competition, we investigate the strategic choices of port ownership in the two different countries, which have different market size. We find that the emission tax level is always higher than marginal environmental damage in a larger country, while it depends on the relative market size in a smaller country. We also show that privatization is dominant strategy of a larger country, while the strategic choice of privatization policy in a smaller country depends on the relative market size. We examine a privatization choice game under international competition and find that privatization policies by both countries appear at the equilibrium for a large range of relative market size, although nationalization policies by both countries are the best in terms of global welfare.
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