사회보장급여 부정수급 관리 정책: 호주의 경험과 시사점
Policy Considerations for Managing Welfare Misappropriation: Lessons from the Australian Experience
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초록
사회보장급여 부정수급은 매우 논쟁적인 주제임에도 불구하고 이에 대한 사회적 논의와 연구는 그다지 활성화되어 있지 않다. 이 연구는 부정수급 관리 정책이 실효성 있게 그리고 사회적으로 수용되는 방식으로 추진되기 위해서 정책적으로 고려되어야 할 사항들을 모색하고자 한다. 이를 위해 호주의 부정수급 관리 정책의 경험을 이용한다. 부정수급 관리에 관한 오랜 정책 경험을 가진 호주 사례 검토는 한국의 부정수급 관리 정책의 반면교사로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 효율성을 불균형적으로 강조하는 접근법은 억압적 사회보장 행정을 조장하고, 진정한 욕구를 가진 이들을 사회보장 시스템에서 배제하는 오류를 발생시킬 가능성이 있다는 점은 호주의 부정수급 정책 경험이 제공하는 주요한 교훈이다. 또한, 본 연구 결과는 부정수급의 욕구를 유발하는 거시적ᆞ제도적 요인들에 대한 대책이 부정수급 관리 정책에 포괄적으로 고려될 필요가 있음을 제안하고 있다.
Abstract
While welfare misappropriation is a controversial topic, there has been lack of active social discussion and research on that issue. This study explores policy considerations for effective and socially-acceptable welfare misappropriation management. To this end, this study uses Australian policy experience. Australia has long been engaged in welfare misappropriation management, and the review of its policy experience was expected to present valuable lessons for Korean social security administration. One of the main lessons from the Australian experiences was that the imbalanced emphasis on efficiency might cause oppressive social security administration, and thus result in exclusion of genuine recipients from the social security system. The findings of this study further suggest that policy efforts to prevent needs-motivated welfare fraud should be made by comprehensively considering macro institutional causes of welfare misappropriation.
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