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메신저시스템 활용을 통한 지식공유가 조직구성원의 혁신행위와 개인성과에 미치는 영향

Effect of Knowledge Sharing via Instant Messaging Use on Employees’ Innovative Behaviors and Performance

백승령
한국중소기업학회|2015.12|중소기업연구|제37권 제4호|pp. 231-260

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참고문헌

키워드

지식공유개인성과Knowledge SharingRadical Innovation급진적 혁신Individual Performance메신저시스템점진적 혁신비능률행위Instant Messaging SystemsIncremental InnovationInefficient Behavior
주제분류경영학

초록

오늘날 많은 기업들이 기업 내부 의사소통의 수단으로 메신저시스템을 활용하고 있지만 조직구성원의 개인성과에 미치는 영향에 대해서는 아직 많은 연구결과가 나오고 있지 않다. 기존의 연구에서는 메신저시스템의 사용이 조직구성원의 네트워크 강화와 조직구성원의 지식공유에 영향을 준다고 주장하거나, 의사소통을 활성화함으로써 팀 성과에 영향을 준다고 제시하고 있다. 하지만, 메신저시스템의 사용이 성과에 미치는 구체적이고 체계화된 메커니즘에 관한 연구는 충분히 진행되지 못하였다. 이에 본 연구는 조직에서 메신저시스템의 사용을 메신저시스템을 활용한 지식공유행위로 정의한 다음, 메신저시스템 활용을 통한 지식공유가 조직구성원의 혁신행위(점진적 혁신, 급진적 혁신)에 영향을 준다는 가설을 제시하였다. 또한 점진적 혁신행위는 개인성과에 직접효과가 있고, 급진적 혁신행위는 개인성과에 직접효과와 비능률행위를 통한 간접효과가 있다는 가설을 제시하였다. 미국 기업의 조직구성원에 대한 온라인 설문결과, 메신저시스템을 활용한 지식공유가 조직구성원의 혁신행위(점진적 혁신, 급진적 혁신)에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 결과를 밝혔다. 점진적 혁신행위는 개인성과에 긍정적인 영향을 주었지만, 급진적 혁신행위는 비능률행위의 정도를 증가시키면서 개인성과에 부정적 영향을 주었다. 예상과는 달리, 급진적 혁신행위는 개인성과에 직접적으로 유의미한 영향을 주지는 못했다. 이론적 시사점으로, 메신저시스템을 활용한 커뮤니케이션이 조직구성원의 지식공유를 향상시키고 혁신행위를 증가시킴으로써 개인성과에 긍정적인 영향을 준다는 이론을 제시하였다. 실무적으로는 기업의 관리자와 시스템개발자들에게 상대적으로 경제적인 정보통신기술인 메신저시스템이 조직에서 지식공유를 통한 혁신행위와 개인성과를 위한 효과적인 수단으로 활용될 수 있음을 시사하였다.

Abstract

Although many companies are using Instant Messaging (IM) systems as a corporate communication tool, there still exists some dispute regarding the effect of IM on performance. Existing research suggests that the use of IM helps employees strengthen social network or stimulate knowledge sharing. The other research indicates the role of IM use on team performance by facilitating interpersonal communication. However, less specific and systematic investigation has been conducted on the effect of IM on performance in organizations. Conceptualizing IM use as knowledge sharing via IM, this study hypothesizes that knowledge sharing via IM use increases employees’ innovative behaviors (incremental innovation and radical innovation). This study also investigates the effect of each innovative behaviors on individual performance. Results from the online survey using employees in various U.S. companies show that knowledge sharing via IM increases employees’ innovative behaviors and incremental innovation facilitates employees’ performance. This study also finds radical innovation has negative influence on individual performance by increasing inefficient behaviors. However, it could not find significant, direct effect of radical innovation on employees’ performance. Theoretical and practical implications are presented.

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