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기술창업기업의 투자유치에 대한 정부지원의 신호효과: 허들모형을 이용한 실증연구

Signaling Effects of Government Support on Investment Attraction of Technology-based Start-ups: An Empirical Study of a Hurdle Model

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키워드

주제분류경영학

초록

초기 단계의 창업기업들의 경우 축적된 실적이 없는관계로, 기업과 투자자 간에는 항상 정보의 비대칭 문제가 존재한다. 이에 자원 확보의가능성을 향상시키기 위한 전략으로서 자신들의 기술 및 시장 잠재력을 알릴 수 있는'신호'를 활용하는 전략이 강조되어 왔다. 정부지원은 공정하고 치열한 경쟁과정을거친다는 점에서 초기 창업기업에 대해 보다 객관적인 정보를 제공하고 기업의 역량및 잠재력을 보증하는 신호 기능을 수행할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 허들 모형을 활용하여정부지원 및 투자유치 간 양적 관계를 확인하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 정부지원규모와투자유치규모 간 비례적 관계를 가지지만, 기술창업기업이 첫 투자를 유치하는 단계를넘어서는 데는 일정 규모 이상의 정부지원이 요구되는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는투자유치여부와 투자유치규모가 결정되는 메커니즘이 상이한 만큼, 신호이론 관점의연구들이 투자유치과정의 허들 구조를 고려할 필요가 있음을 시사한다. 또한 초기 단계의기술창업기업이 첫 투자를 유치하는 단계를 넘어서는 데 도움을 줄 수 있는, 즉 ‘문지방효과’ 창출에 특화된 지원방법이 모색될 필요가 있다고 하겠다.

Abstract

There often is information asymmetry between start-ups and the investors, which is because start-up companies in the early stages do not have track records. Meanwhile, since the government grants programs go through a fair and the intense competition process, the government grants can provide a more objective information for start-ups in the early stages and perform a signal function that guarantees a company's capabilities and potential. This study confirms the quantitative relationship between government grants and investment attraction by using the hurdler model. We found that, although there is the proportionate relationship between the scale of government grants and that of external funds, more than a certain amount of government grants is required for technology-based start-ups to exceed the stage of attracting their first external funds. Our findings suggest that it is necessary to consider the hurdles structure in the study of signaling theory perspective, as the mechanisms for determining whether or not to attract external funds are different from determining the level of external funds. In addition, differentiated policy support is needed to help early-stage technology start-ups go beyond the threshold of investment attraction―the creation of a ‘threshold effect'.

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