상담자의 외상경험이 상담자 자기효능감에 미치는 영향: 심리화와 교육분석, 수퍼비전의 순차매개효과를 중심으로
The Effects of Counselor’s Traumatic Experience on Counselor’s Self-Efficacy: The Sequential Mediation Effects Focused of Mentalization, Educational Analysis and Supervision
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초록
본 연구에서는 상담자 외상경험과 상담자 자기효능감과의 관계에서 심리화, 수퍼비전, 교육분석의 매개효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 검증하기 위하여 전국에 있는 178명의 상담자들을 대상으로 자기보고식 설문을 실시했다. 각 변인의 측정을 위해서 상담자 자기효능감 척도, 외상경험질문지, 심리화 척도, 수퍼비전 만족도 척도, 교육분석 효과 척도를 사용하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 요약하여 보면, 첫째, 외상 경험이 많을수록 상담자들의 상담자 자기효능감은 높아졌다. 둘째, 외상경험은 심리화에 손상을 끼쳐 부적상관을 맺었으며, 심리화 능력이 향상되면 위기 상황에서의 보호요인으로 작용하여 상담자 자기효능감과 정적상관을 맺었다. 셋째, 상담자 외상경험은 수퍼비전 만족도에 부적상관을 맺고 교육분석 효과와 심리화, 수퍼비전 만족도와 교육분석 효과는 각각 정적인 상관을 보였음을 알게 되었다. 이것은 외상경험으로 인해 수퍼비전 만족도가 저하되기도 하나, 수퍼비전 후 교육분석 효과가 향상됨으로써 심리화가 높아져 결국 상담자 자기효능감에 긍정적으로 작용한다는 것을 나타냈다. 이러한 연구결과를 통하여 상담자 자기효능감에 상담자 외상경험이 미치는 영향에서 심리화가 매개변인으로 작용함을 밝힌 점 등에 의의가 있다 할 수 있을 것이다. 끝으로 본 연구의 한계에 대하여 논의하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediating effects of mentalization, supervision, and educational analysis on the relationship between counselor’s traumatic experience and counselor’s self-efficacy. In order to verify this, we conducted a self-report survey of 178 counselors nationwide. Counselor’s self-efficacy scale, Traumatic Event Questionnaire-Revised, Self-Rated Mentalization Questionnaire, Supervision satisfaction scale, and Counselor’s educational analysis outcome scale were used to measure each variables. The main results of this study are summarized as follows: First, the higher the experience of trauma, the more self - efficacy of counselor. Second, the traumatic experience was negatively correlated with mentalization, and when the mentalization was improved, it served as a protective factor in crisis situations and positively correlated with self - efficacy. Third, the counselor's trauma experience showed negative correlations with the satisfaction of supervision, and the effect of education analysis, mentalization, satisfaction of supervision, and educational analysis effect were significantly correlated respectively. Traumatic experience can reduce the satisfaction of supervision. But after supervision, the effect of education analysis is improved and mentalization is enhanced. Finally, it positively affected the self - efficacy. The results of this study suggest that mentalization is a mediating variable in the effects of counselor’s traumatic experience on counselor’s self-efficacy. Finally, the limitations of this study were discussed.
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