자폐아동을 위한 상황이야기 중재 효과 고찰
The Intervention Effects of Social Stories in Autistic Spectrum Difficulties
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상황이야기는 자폐아동들이 경험하게 되는 복잡하고 다양한 사회적 상황에 대하여 구체적이고 체계적인 정보를 제공함으로써 친사회적 행동이나 긍정적인 사회적 행동을 증가시키고 다양한 문제 행동을 감소시키는데 효과적인 중재이다. 본 연구는 첫째, 자폐스펙트럼 아동들을 위한 상황이야기의 이론적 배경을 살펴보고 상황이야기의 특성과 구성 지침을 제시함으로써 교육 현장에 있는 교사들이나 장애아동의 부모들의 실제적인 적용을 지원하며 둘째, 상황이야기를 직접 적용하였던 선행연구들의 연구방법과 연구결과를 분석하여 상황이야기의 중재 효과를 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구방법은 연구대상과 장소, 목표행동, 연구설계, 상황이야기의 구성 및 중재 방법 등에 근거하여 분석하였으며, 연구결과는 상황이야기 중재가 목표행동에 미치는 직접적인 영향과 중재 효과의 일반화 및 유지에 대하여 분석하였다. 마지막으로 연구 결과에 근거한 논의와 제언을 통하여 추후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The social story intervention was designed to help the autistic spectrum difficulties foster appropriate social skills and prosocial behavior, thus decrease and prevent some of the problem behaviors by providing them with specific information they are missing. The purpose of this study lies in presentation of the theoretical foundations of the social story intervention and a literature review of empirical studies that have investigated the effects of social stories for autistic spectrum difficulties. For literature review, 13 empirical studies were analyzed in relation to participant characteristics, settings, target behavior, research design, training methods, and results. Most studies validated the positive effects of social story program on decreasing problem behaviors. Limited effects on positive behavior and prosocial behavior were reported. There were some partial effects reported on generalization or maintenance of target behaviors. Findings are discussed in relation to critical variables and propose the direction of research on the treatment effectiveness in the future.
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