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장애아 부모의 명예낙인(Courtesy Stigma)에 관한 연구

A Study on Courtesy Stigma in Parents of Disabled Children

김교연
한국특수교육문제연구소 (Research Institute of the Korea Special Education)|2018.03|특수교육저널:이론과 실천 (Journal of Special Education: Theory and Practice)|제19권 제1호|pp. 157-185|DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.19049/JSPED.2018.19.1.08

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키워드

낙인문헌연구stigmaliterature review명예낙인courtesy stigma장애아 부모parents of disabled children
주제분류교육학

초록

명예낙인이 장애아 부모의 삶과 양육경험을 이해하는 데 중요한 개념임에도 불구하고, 국내에는 기초연구조차 없다. 본 연구의 목적은 장애아부모의 명예낙인 관련 선행연구의 경향을밝힘으로써, 국내 후속연구에 연구기반을 제공하는 것이다. 연구목적 달성을 위해 1988년~2017년동안 수행된 해외연구를 5개의 전자 데이터베이스를 통해 검색하였으며, 그 결과 조건에 맞는 27편의 연구를 찾아내어 표본, 연구방법, 연구결과, 연구접근법, 연구한계의 영역에서 분석하였다. 27편의 연구는 총 1,877명의 장애아 부모와 8가지의 장애, 그리고 8개국 소속의표본을 포괄하였으며, 연구설계로는 질적연구, 양적연구, 혼합방법을, 연구접근법으로는 미시적 접근과 거시적 접근을 포괄하였다. 연구결과를 주제분석하여 4개의 주제가 도출되었는데, 장애아 부모의 명예낙인 경험, 낙인에 대한 대처, 명예낙인의 심리사회적 결과, 명예낙인의영향요인이 그것이었다. 선행연구들은 명예낙인에 대한 이해를 확장했으나, 표본의 대표성과측정의 타당성 등 연구방법의 엄격성 부족이라는 한계도 노정했다. 향후 선행연구의 한계를보완하고 한국적 상황을 드러낼 수 있는 후속연구가 필요하다.

Abstract

Although courtesy stigma is a key concept for us to understand the lives and caregiving experiences of parents of disabled children, there is no substantial research on that theme in Korea. This study aimed at providing the research base for the future relating studies through examining past studies on courtesy stigma in parents of disabled children. To achieve the purpose, this study adopted a literature review of studies examining courtesy stigma in parents of disabled children. An electronic search of studies published between 1988 and 2017, using five databases was conducted. Twenty-seven papers were included in the review. There included all the samples of 1,877 parents of children with 8 respective kinds of disabilities coming from 8 countries in the studies. The studies were characterized as qualitative, cross-sectional, and mixed in study design and divided into individualistic approaches and socio-cultural approaches in theoretical orientation. Four themes emerging from the results indicated that parents of disabled children experienced courtesy stigma in various ways, and used different strategies to cope with the stigmatizing situations. Also, courtesy stigma was found out to have a negative effect on some psychological and behavioral aspects of parents’ lives, and to be influenced by some individual and social factors. Past studies contribute to extend the scope of understandings on courtesy stigma, but have 1imitations in generalizability coming from sampling method and valid measuring instruments. Future research needs to be oriented to resolve these problems, and to find out what the current state and specific features regarding courtesy stigma are in Korea.

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