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고기능자폐증과 아스퍼거장애 비교연구

A Comparative Study of High-Functioning Autism and Asperger's Disorder

이승희|박명희
한국정서행동장애학회 (The Korean Society of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders)|2008.12|정서·행동장애연구 (JOURNAL OF EMOTIONAL & BEHAVIORAL DISORDERS)|제24권 제4호|pp. 57-92

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키워드

고기능자폐증아스퍼거장애.High-functioning AutismAsperger's Disorder.

초록

본 연구는 고기능자폐증과 아스퍼거장애의 유사점, 차이점 및 구분가능성을 알아보기 위하여 2명의 고기능자폐증아동과 2명의 아스퍼거장애아동을 대상으로 검사, 면접 및 관찰을 통해 자료를 수집하여 비교분석하였다. 분석된 결과와 그에 대한 논의는 검사, 면접 및 관찰의 순으로 제시되었고 고기능자폐증과 아스퍼거장애 간에 유사점과 차이점은 있으나 다음과 같은 측면에서 서로 구분되는 별개의 장애로 볼 수 있다는 결론을 내렸다: 언어발달 지체시기의 차이, 의사소통 능력의 차이, 현학적인 말투의 사용 여부, 사회적 능력 손상의 유형 차이, 행동의 상동성과 제한된 관심사에 대한 집착의 유형 차이, 공격성 정도의 차이, 언어성 IQ와 동작성 IQ의 상대적 차이, 마지막으로 결과와 논의를 바탕으로 향후 관련연구를 위한 몇 가지 제언이 제시되었다.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the similarities, differences, and possibility of distinction between high-functioning autism(HFA) and Asperger's disorder(or Asperger's syndrome: AS). To do this, data were collected about 2 children with HFA and 2 children with AS through tests, interviews and observations. The data and discussion were presented in order of tests, interviews, and observations. And then, the conclusion of this study was presented in order of similarities, differences, and possibility of distinction between HFA and AS. Overall, it was concluded that HFA and AS are distinguishable on the basis of onset of language development delay(by 3 years of age vs later), degree of communication impairment(severe vs mild), pedantic speech(existing vs not existing), type of social impairment(aloof and passive vs active but odd), type of repetitive behaviors or interests (stereotyped behaviors vs preoccupied interests) degree of aggression(less vs more), relative difference between verbal IQ and performance IQ(verbal IQ〈performance IQ vs verbal IQ〉performance IQ). Finally, several suggestions were presented for future related research.

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