정서유도 음악에 대한 시각장애인과 일반인의 뇌파 반응의 차이
Differences in EEG Response to Emotion-inducing Music between People with Visual Impairment and those with Normal Vision
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[목적] 본 연구는 시각장애인과 일반인의 음악 정서 반응에 대한 뇌파 분석을 통해 음악 정보 처리 시 발생하는 신경생리학적 기능의 차이를 정량적으로 살펴보고자 하였다. [방법] 시각장애인 15명, 일반인 15명을 대상으로 분명한 정서가와 정서 각성을 가진 특정 정서유도 음악에 대해 정서유형별(행복, 슬픔, 분노, 두려움) 뇌파(알파파, 베타파)의 집단 간 차이를 살펴보았다. 또한, 정서유도 음악의 뇌파 각성반응에 대한 집단 간 차이를 알아보기 위해 정서유형별 베타파에 대한 알파파(Alpha/Beta)의 비율을 나타내는 RAB(Ratio of Alpha to Beta)의 값을 분석하였다. [결과] 뇌파 반응의 차이에서 알파파의 경우 시각장애인이 일반인에 비해 모든 정서유형에서 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였다. 특히, 시각장애인은 슬픔에서 알파파가 가장 높게 나타난 반면, 일반인은 행복이 가장 높은 순위를 차지하였다. 베타파는 시각장애인이 일반인 보다 모든 정서유형에서 높은 수치를 기록하였으나, 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 측정된 뇌파의 이완/각성 반응에서 시각장애인이 일반인에 비해 모두 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였으므로, 이완보다 각성이 활성된 것을 확인하였다. [결론] 정서유도 음악에 대한 뇌파측정을 통해 시각장애인과 일반인의 음악 정서 반응의 차이를 객관적으로 확인하였으며, 향후 지속적인 후속연구로 시각장애인의 음악 정서 특성을 고려한 음악 지원 프로그램을 개발할 것을 제안한다.
Abstract
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to quantitatively investigate differences in neurophysiological functions which occur when processing music information through analyzing EEG responses to emotion-inducing music between people with visual impairment (VI) and those with normal vision (NV). [Method] For 15 VI and 15 NV, there were examined that differences in EEG (alpha and beta) responses to specific emotion-inducing music with clear emotional valence and emotional arousal according to the type of emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, and fear) between the groups. In addition, the ratio of alpha to beta (RAB), respectively alpha for relaxation and beta for arousal, was analyzed in order to investigate differences in responses of EEG arousal to emotion-inducing music between the groups. [Results] With regard to differences in alpha of EEG responses, there was found that the VI scored significantly lower than the NV in all emotion types. In particular, the VI showed the highest alpha value in sadness, while the NV scored the highest in happiness. For beta value, the VI marked the higher than the NV in all emotion types, however, there were not found statistically significant differences. In addition, for measured relaxation/arousal responses of the EEG, the VI showed significantly lower values than the NV, and it was confirmed arousal was more activated than relaxation among the VI. [Conclusion] Through the EEG measurement of the emotion-inducing music, differences in emotional responses to music between the VI and the NV were objectively investigated, and it is proposed that music programs considering the characteristics of music emotion of the VI could be developed by further researches.
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